ee 
SINGLE TREES 377 AND SHRUBS. 
will be produced. The same may : 
be a toshrubs. The sure mode 
* of proceeding on right principles is 
to take the different genera, and 
allow only the species and varieties 
of one genus to prevail in one place. 
Single trees should always be planted 
a prepared soi] raised in heaps a foot 
r more above the general surface ; 
so that after a year or two, when the 
earth has settled down, the tree may 
stand on a little hillock. ‘The trees 
before planting should be ten feet or 
twelve feet in height, with trunks 
three inches or four inches in diame- 
ter at the surface of the ground. 
The shrubs should also be of as large 
a size as will transplant with ease 
and a fair prospect of success, and 
this size will vary according to the 
kind of shrub. Evergreen trees of 
the Pine and Fir tribe, and of the 
Cypress tribe, the beauty of which 
depends on their spreading branches, 
should either be planted in a situation 
where no fence is requisite, or they 
should be surrounded with iron hur- 
dles or some other hight fence placed 
five feet or six feet from the stem of | 
the tree, and extended to a greater ! 
distance as the lateral branches ad- 
vance in length } but broad-leafed 
trees, such as most of the Exogens, 
may be protected by fences placed 
close to the stem. There are various 
modes of doing this: fig. 50 shows 
the mode of protecting by tying thorn 
branches round stem, as practised 
in the Regent’s , London, and 
various other places. 
Fig. 51 shows a mode of protect- 
ing trees from sheep by tying laths 
round them with wire. In the 
zontal section, and also in the: 
tion, a represents the stem 
tree, b the wire, and c the laths. 
ee 
Fig. 51.—Protecting by Laths. 
7 
< 4 
trunk to it with a hayband; care 
being taken not to injure the roots 
he in driving in the stake. There is 
another mode of fixing a tree, which 
To protect single trees from the | serves also to protect it; and this 
wind, various modes have been consists in driving two pieces of» 
adopted ; one of the simplest of | wood into the ground, with their 
which consists in driving a stake lower extremities spread out, and 
into the ground much deeper than | their uppe es tied to the tree. 
the roots of age and tying the! Many ot! ethods will be found 
% - 
* 
Ss 
or 
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