406 ODOItOGRAPHIA. 



" The English distilled oil from East Indian Santal-wood 

 dissolves readily in a mixture of 4 Huid ^^arts of rectified spirit with 

 one of distilled water, but the Macassar oil requires a large 

 proportion of this mixture ; this latter, however, forms a clear 

 solution w4th five times its volume of a mixture of rectified spirit 

 5 fluid parts, distilled w^ater 1 fluid part." 



Cripps states that the spirit test is applied as described in a former 

 note on Oil of Rosemary*, i.e., Hager's method,f which is applied to 

 essential oils as follow\s : — " One volume of the oil is dissolved in 

 tw^o volumes of absolute alcohol (sp. gr. 0"799). Dilute alcohol of sp. 

 gr. 0-889 is gradually added from a burette until the liquid remains 

 opalescent for one minute after agitation. In many instances the 

 addition of another drop of dilute alcohol is sufficient to render the 

 opalescent mixture milky white. If the liquid be turbid, but still 

 translucent, a further addition of the diluted alcohol should be 

 made, until the liquid is barely translucent, and this point is taken 

 as the end of the reaction. It is very necessary to adhere rigidly 

 to a certain temperature for carrying out this test, a difference of 

 2° C. making a perceptible difference in the number of c. c. of dilute 

 alcohol required." 



With a view to detect the presence of cedar oil, also of castor 

 oil in santal-wood oil, the following trials of the spirit test were 

 made : — 



" Santal w^ood Xo. 1 in the preceding table with 12 per cent, of 

 the cedar- wood oil Xo. 12 showed no appreciable difference from 

 the pure oil. The addition to Xo. 1 of 14 per cent, of Xo. 12 

 required 14-5 c. c. weak spirit ; 18 per cent, required 11 '8 c. c. and 

 41 per cent, required 5-0 c. c. 



" Santal-wood Xo. 1 with 5 per cent, of castor oil required 12*5 

 c. c. of the same." 



" These results show that by this spirit test 5 per cent, of castor 

 oil or 14 per cent, of the most soluble cedar oil can be detected in 

 English distilled oil of East Indian santal-w^ood ; had one of the 

 less soluble samples been used, a smaller proportion would have 

 been rendered evident. I find in fact that 10 per cent, of sample 

 Xo. 11 can be detected." 



" The saponification test is carried out as follows : — About 5 



* Pharm. Journ. [3], xxi., p. 937. 



+ Allen's Commercial organic analysis, ii., p. 433. 



