16 REPORT ON THE BOTANY OF 
The Azckories are among the largest trees—very tall, but not 
so great in diameter as the oaks and sweet gum, but exceed- 
ingly numerous. Neither d/ack nor white walnuts are here found 
in abundance, and the trees which are found are of inferior 
size. The weld cherry is not abundant. The sugar maple, 
black birch, and hemlock are common in the gulches. The 
white soft maple is found everywhere. On the uplands hoop- 
poles seem quite inexhaustible in quantity, and of very good 
quality. 
Black hickory (Carya Tomentosa), when from five to ten 
inches in diameter near the base, is used for making’ bent-work 
in the manufacture of buggies and carriages, and for other 
uses. In the counties of Grayson and Edmonson there is an 
immense supply of this class of wood. Much of it is too far 
from the railroad to bear hauling by wagon, and then car trans- 
portation to points where it is manufactured into carriage stuff. 
If some company would put up machinery in the midst of the 
material, it would certainly prove remunerative if properly car- 
ried on. The timber would cost but a trifle, labor in abundance 
could be had at:a fair price, and fuel would be very low, as in 
many places coal is to be had for the digging from hillside 
veins. The manufactured articles could be got away at a small 
expense compared with that of hauling the rough timber. Dur- 
ing the winter and spring months, when the river and its trib- 
utaries are in good stage of water, the expense of getting 
material transported would be comparatively little. The large 
quantity of the right kind of material found here, the extreme 
abundance of fuel and cheap labor, would give a well-managed 
company the control of the market in such manufactures. 
White elm, so-called in this State (U¢mus alata), is very 
abundant all through the counties of Grayson and Edmonson, 
as well as in the other parts of the State, especially along the 
tributaries of Green river below these counties. This is one 
of the valuable materials for manufactures found here. The 
wood fibres of the elm interlace, and render the wood tough 
and difficult to split, while it is both light and elastic. These 
are the qualities desired in hubs for carriages, small spring- 
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