152 GARDENING INDOORS AND UNDER GLASS 
part of which — not more than half — may be be- 
low the ground level. The 2 x 12 inch planks, when 
used, are handled as follows: stakes are driven in to 
support the back plank some two or three inches 
above the ground,— which should, of course, be 
level. The front plank is sunk two or three inches 
into the ground and held upright by stakes on the 
outside, nailed on. Remove enough dirt from in- 
side the frame to bank up the planks about halfway 
on the outside. When this banking has frozen to a 
depth of two or three inches, cover with rough ma- 
nure or litter to keep frost from striking through. 
The manure for heating should be prepared as above 
and put in to the depth of a foot, trodden down, first 
removing four to six inches of soil to be put back 
on top of the manure,—a cord of the latter, in 
this case, serving seven sashes. The vegetables to 
be grown, and the season and climate, will deter- 
mine the depth of manure required — it will be from 
one to two feet,—the latter depth seldom being 
necessary. 
It must not be overlooked that this manure, when 
spent for heating purposes, is still as good as ever 
to enrich the garden, so that the expense of putting 
it in and removing it from the frames is all that 
you can fairly charge up against your experiment 
with hotbeds, if you are interested to know whether 
they really pay. 
The exposure for the hotbeds should be where 
