1890-91.] SECOND MEETING. 7 



archives of the forces in Canada at and about the period of the establish- 

 ment of the separate Provincial Government for Upper Canada, recently 

 acquired by the archivist at Ottawa, have been examined by them with 

 a view to the publication thereof, either in full or in abstract form, as is 

 now being done in the case of similar documents by the Province of 

 Quebec." 



Moved by Mr. Houston, seconded by Mr. Douglass, and carried : — 



" That the members of this Institute learn with pleasure that the Exe- 

 cutive Committee of the National Teachers' Association of the United 

 States have decided to hold their next annual meeting in Toronto, in July, 

 1 89 1, and they earnestly urge upon all who are in a position to do so, to 

 aid in making the Convention as successful as possible." 



Moved by Mr. Cox, seconded by Mr. Boyle, and carried : — 



" That the members of the Canadian Institute hereby acknowledge 

 the invaluable services rendered to the Institute by Mr. A. F. Chamber- 

 lain, M.A., for many years past, and whilst regretting the loss of so 

 useful and promising a fellow-member, heartily congratulate him on his 

 advancement to a larger, and they would hope a more congenial, sphere 

 of labor." 



Moved by Mr. Boyle, seconded by Mr. Clark, and carried : — 



" That the members of the Institute have heard with great regret of 

 the death of Mr. Hugh Wilson, who recently became a life member, and 

 who made valuable donations of books and specimens to the Institute, 

 and instruct the Secretary to convey their condolence to his relatives." 



The following were elected members : — Arthur Laughlin, J. S. Laugh- 

 lin, and J. M. McEvoy, B.A. 



Mr. W. A. Douglass, B.A., read a paper on "The Two Values." 



The paper began by showing that in every community the assessor o: 

 census enumerator finds two distinct things : first, a quantity of houses, 

 goods, etc., that labour places there, and the land that labour did not 

 place there. He thereupon finds two values — ist, that of improvement; 

 2nd, that of land. With every increase of population these two values 

 increase. The differences between the characteristics of these two values 

 were examined at some length, illustrated by diagrams, and may be thus 

 summarized: — The aggregate value of the commodities increases as com- 

 modities become more abundant, while the value of land increases as it 

 becomes relatively more scarce. The one value indicates abundance, the 

 other scarcity. Commodities come only with toil ; land value is not the 

 result of toil. Commodities soon disappear, consumed or worn out ; 



