304 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



Bessemer Ores. 



[Vol. II. 



Metallic Iron 

 Phosphorus 

 Silica 



"Lake 

 Superior." 



64-80 

 •06 



" Champion." 



67-00 



•03 to -054 



3-00 



'Republic." 



65 to 71 

 trace to -07 

 o to 4-6 



The Mining commenced in 1854 in this district and some of the mines 

 are from 500 to 700 ft. deep. Since mining started to the end of 1888 

 about 27,011,998 tons were mined from this range. 



The only mine I went down in this range was the Barnum Mine at 

 Ishpeming. This mine yields a hard ore, from a close grained to a 

 semi-crystalline hard specular ore. The ore lies between a Jasper, on 

 the foot wall, and a hard compact grey, and probably silicious Hydro- 

 mica Schist on the hanging wall. The ore varies in thickness from 4 

 to 40 ft. and as the ore is hard, pillars are left and there is no filling or 

 timbering. 



There are three styles of working on the " South Shore." i. The hard 

 ore, with pillars as above mentioned, and the soft ore ; by 2. Nevada 

 timbering ; and 3. Filling in earth and debris in the space left where the 

 ore is taken from. 



Perhaps the most wonderful of these many rich iron ores is the 

 ^'Republic" micaceous hematite. The mine is worked by 8 shafts, one of 

 which is 1000 feet deep. The ore body generally strikes east and west, but 

 at the east end it twists round and strikes north-west. Hanging wall is 

 quartzite and footvvall jasper ; but between both walls and the ore there 

 is a lining of soapstone (hydro-mica schist) which in places surrounds the 

 ore. The Jasper and ore are 100 ft. thick. 



THE MENOMINEE IRON RANGE. 



The Menominee Range only commenced shipment as short a time ago 

 as 1877 when 10,405 tons were shipped. This range is south and a 

 little east of the Marquette Range. It is 8 to 12 miles wide and about 

 45 miles long (from Iron River to Wacedah). The ores in this district 

 are generally red hematites and partake of the same general characteristics 

 as similar ores in the Marquette district, except that they are as a rule 

 softer. They are found in large deposits. The largest producing mine 

 in the district — The Chapin — is a soft blue hematite. 



