46 



Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute 



seems that this iron might be suitable for some foundry purposes, in 

 spite of discrepancies in the composition. The greatest use, though, 

 would seem to be for conversion into steel. Titaniferous ores are com- 

 monly very low in phosphorus and sulphur, and this iron might be 

 useful in the acid Bessemer process, and so help to restore the cheapest 

 known method of steel production. 



The amount of titanium in the iron is so small that it seems prob- 

 able this metal is accidentally included with particles of slag rather than 

 alloyed with the iron. All the determinations to date of titanium in 

 iron and slag uphold the theory advanced in the introductory part of 

 this paper, namely that by producing the proper conditions in the 

 molten materials of the furnace this amphoteric element can be made to 

 go completely into the slag solution if desired. The high percentage of 

 silica and low proportion of lime is the necessary condition in this case. 



The physical properties of the pig-iron have been examined in only 

 an incidental way, but the results, considered in connection with the 

 composition, are rather interesting. 



Physical Properties of Pig- Iron from Runs 



G2 

 G4 



G6 

 G8 



Drills 

 Freely 



Freely, but is hard, 

 and drill must be 

 ground frequently 



Fairly freely 



With difficulty 



Fracture 

 Fine-grained 



grey 

 Fine-grained 



grey 



Fine-grained 



grey 

 Fine-grained 



grey 



Toughness 



Fairly tought, rather 

 soft and malleable. 



Very tough, some- 

 what malleable. 



Very tough, slightly 



malleable. 

 Very tough, slightly 



malleable (less 



than G 6) 



An ordinary carbon steel drill was used. To judge of the mallea- 

 bility, it was noted to what extent a sharp edge would stand flattening 

 with a hammer. The comparatively high malleability and toughness 

 in combination with such hardness are not usual with ordinary irons. 



Temperatures 



The temperatures here tabulated, each of them the average of a 

 number of readings, indicate the fact that the closest approximation that 

 can be got to the temperature of the fluid materials in the furnace, is 

 by sighting on the furnace lining after pouring the charge, and after the 

 fumes in the furnace have cleared away. With a large furnace, there is 

 no doubt that more accurate determinations can be made in other ways. 



