354 



Dî MADAEASZ 



panying notes those species and subspecies, which were omitted in Frivald- 

 szky's «Aves Hungáriáé» , 



1. Lycus coUaris (Drumm.). 



Just as the Carrion-Crow is a dimorphic form of the Hooded Crow, 

 Lycus collaris is a eastern form of the Common Jackdow. This latter has 

 also its well-defined geographical range. As regards coloration L. collaris 

 differs not only, in having a creamy white half-collar, but the grey colour 

 of the occiput and the neck — especially in the breeding season — is so 

 much suffused with silvery white, that those parts appear nearly quite 

 white. Further the grey colour of the back and abdomen is lighter and still 

 lighter margened with grey. We may suppose that Bkehm («Vogelfang») 

 had such a typical L. collaris before him, when he wrote the following : 

 «Moneclula daurica. Der Nacken und Hinterhals ist weisslich, das ganze 

 Gefieder hat helle Kanten. In Daurien, selten in Ungarn». Therefore Lycus 

 dauricus (nee. Fall.) Brehm, must be considered as a synonim of L. collaris. 



The typical Jackdow is found in Central- and Western-Hungary, 

 whilst the eastern-form : L. collaris occurs in the eastern parts of Hungary, 

 especially in Transylvania. On an excursion, which I made this year, I also 

 met this form in Southern Hungary on the Lower-Danube. 



Everywhere in Hungary, where the Eastern Jackdow is found, the 

 Common Jackdow also occurs, but less numerously. These two forms inter- 

 breed and so it is a matter of course that intermediat forms ar to be found. 

 The same thing occurs between the Carrion-Crow and Hooded Crow, 

 where their ranges come into contact. 



2. Sturnus vulgaris Linn., and Allies. 



According to the series in possession of the Hung. Nat. Museum the 

 typical form of Sturnus vulgaris occurs in Northern-, Central-, Western- 

 Hungary and Drávafok, whilst in the Eastern portion and Transylvania we 

 meet the intermediate form between St. vulgaris and St. menzbieri, which 

 has a purplish head and neck, and shows a little green only on the ear- 

 coverts. There are specimens from Transylvania, which are hardly distin- 

 guishable from some Sturnus menzbieri, originating from Lucknow. 



I collected this year a small series of Starlings in the south of Hun- 

 gary near Futták, with the head and neck quite glossy green and only the 

 occiput and throat showing a litte j)urplish. These must be considered as 

 an intermediate form between St. viilyaris and St. caucasiens. 



