1892-93.] NOTiis ox the western denes. 25 



ultimate destruction of the Nazku'tenne. Both villages inhabited by 

 them are on the Fraser River. 



3. Due west of the Black- Water village and ascending the river of that 

 name to its source, we meet with a third subdivision of the Carriers, the 

 Nu-tca-tenne (probably corrupted from Nu-tcah- tetme, people down 

 against the island). These people dwell in four small villages, Trout 

 Lake, qus'kaz,* Pe-fka-tcek,-f- and T;'ka-tco.+ The latter is composed 

 of a mixed population of Dene and Belqula descent whose first white 

 visitor was the writer, ten years ago. The Nu-cha-'tenne formerly had 

 several other villages (Tsitsi, qrak, etc.), the sites of which are still dis- 

 cernible through small clearings in the forest. Their present total 

 number may be a little over 135. 



4. Immediately north of the Black-Water village, at the confluence of 

 the NutcaKoh with the Fraser River, we have one village, Fort George or 

 ^eitli,\ the population of which forms one separate sept, the Tano- 

 7^;^%^ (people a little to the north). It numbers actually 130 persons. 

 The Fort George Indians have on the east side of the Fraser very large 

 and productive hunting grounds as far as, and comprising, the Rocky 

 and Caribou mountains and spurs thereof. A village of the same sept, 

 Tcinlak at the junction of the Na'kralKoh or Stuart's Lake River with 

 the NuchaKoh had formerly a flourishing population which was, not very 

 long ago, practically annihilated in one night by the TsijKoh'tin. 



5. Two villages on Fraser Lake furnish us with our fifth tribal sub- 

 division of the Carriers. Their population goes under the common name 

 of Natldtenne (contracted from NatleJi-lnvo tenne or people of Natleh.||) 

 About 135 persons form the population of their two villages Natleh and 

 Stella, ** one at each end of the lake. 



The aggregate of the above enumerated septs constitutes what I 

 generally designate under the collective name of Lower Carriers. 

 Though slight linguistic peculiarities give to each of them a real individu- 

 ality, yet the dialect of all contains very important characteristics com- 

 mon to the whole aggregate which differentiate it from that of any of the 

 septs or subtribes which remain to review. 



* " Half-qus," the name of a carp-like fish. 



+ " Wherewith one catches fat." 



% "The Big-fattening." 



§" The Junction." 



II " It (i.e., the salmon) comes back again." 



** The Cape. 



3 



