74: TKANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VoL. IV. 



importance as an article of diet is the large white flesh salmon or kes 

 which has already been mentioned. These two species are common to 

 most of the streams within Carrier, Babine and Tsi[Koh'tin territory,. 

 thou>^-h the latter avoids not a few minor tributaries of the large rivers. 

 One is particular to Babine lake and outlet — it is the hump-back salmon* 

 {O. gorhusc/ia, Walb.) It is not of much value. The two other specie-^, 

 thestlc^ and ta-tz3\< X in Carrier are quite plentiful in such streams as 

 discharge their waters through the Skeena river ; but according to local 

 observations they make their appearance in Stuart's Lake and immediate 

 outlet only when the next run of the tha-llo is to be extraordinarily large. 

 As far as I can judge the thestlc is the O. keta of VValbaum, such as 

 described by Jordan and Gilbert ; § but I can find no specific name for 

 the ta-tz3R, whose native name is an exact translation of the scientific 

 word for all the Pacific Salmons : 'V^"?, hook ; hr/y'^-: snout ; Carrier : 

 ta, snout (and lip) ; tzd^, hook. 



To the above should be added the kcs3l\ or land-locked salmon 

 {O. Ketinerlyi), which is much appreciated by the native palate and 

 captured mainly with the help of fish traps or 'kiintzai. It is however 

 inferior in point of economic importance to the great lake trout {Salveli- 

 niis naniaycush, Walb.) called/// by the Indians and which is extensively 

 sought after either during the autumn months or the cold season. In 

 the former case it is quite frequently dried and cured as the red salmon 

 or thaho. The other trouts to be found in D6ne lakes or rivers are the 

 common \.xo\x^(^Salmo purpiiratiis, Pallas) and the bull trout {Salvelimis 

 i/ia/nm, Walb.) There are also two species of whitefish, the Coregomis 

 iiupeiformis (Mitch.) and the Coregonus quadrilateralis of ^Richardson, 

 which in some localities are caught in such large quantities that many 

 thousands are usually kept frozen for use during the winter. 



The above are, of course, the best fish available here. But as the child 

 of the forest has not always the choice of his diet, he must more often 

 than once Content himself with such carps or carpiodes, such suckers 

 or catastomidae as may chance to venture too near his drag-net. These 

 seldom fail him. Their name is legion, and I will not be so rash as to 

 attempt a nomenclature of them. 



* SlditfoH, a word which to a Den6 ear appears quite foreign. 

 + A noun of the second category. 

 + " Lip (and snout)-hook." 



§ Synopsis of the Fishes of North America by D. S. Jordan and Ch. H. Gilbert, Washington, 

 1882. 



II Almost equivalent to "small kes " or white flesh salmon. 



