1892-93.] 



NOTES ON THK WESTERN DENES. 



89 



chiefly results from the dropping in the water of the large stone b, which 

 keeps it sunk to the proper depth. 



Both the nazrwat and the 'kuntzai are serviceable in such places only 

 as the outlet of lakes or shallow streams where the current is slow 

 enough to permit of the erection of the necessary weir. Where this is 

 impossible, a third and even more ingenious device — since once it is 

 placed in position, it does all the work of itself — is resorted to. Lattice 

 work projecting a few feet only from the shore is erected in the water, 

 connected wherewith is laid on the bottom a tobogan-like basket with an 

 opening near its curved end. The fish passes through this into an un- 

 covered canal-like conduit leading into a large latticed reservoir where it 

 is caught. The apparatus becomes mure intelligible by a glance at fig. 

 "j^ wherein we have a sectional view of the whole. The lines marked 



r7 /%///////m////////////m / ^^^ 



Fig. 76. 



a, and b show respectively the bottom and the surface of the water. 

 The upper part of the entrance basket c is flat and serves at the same 

 time as a bed for the canal d which is formed by the addition of two long 

 hurdles I on either side of the main or lower basket top. The salmon 

 having entered at c soon finds its way upstream blocked at f, where the 

 basket is rather narrow. But, as its instinct is decidedly against the 

 wisdom of a backward course, as soon as it becomes aware of the free 

 passage prepared at g, therein it runs and thence to the trap h laid out 

 for its capture, i stands for one of the stakes which hold up the trap or 

 reservoir while they secure the whole structure against the action of the 

 current. 



This fish-trap is called 9s, and it does also good service against the 

 land-locked salmon and other mmor fish, such as trout, ling, etc., in such 

 streams as are favored with a strong current. 



Where the river is of a more sluggish character, a fourth device, called 

 ive, is resorted to. Though differently constructed, it works on the same 

 principle as the preceding. Its use requires the building of a regular 

 weir or staking across the entire width of the stream, and several such 



traps are laid out, side by side, pretty much as is done with the nazrwat. 



7 



