188 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



[Vol. IV. 



There was in the lodge no partition whatever. 



Sometimes related families found themselves too numerous to dwell 

 all under one roof. Rather than cohabit with people of a different gens, 

 they would then build for themselves the smaller summer lodge (fig. 177). 

 Quite a number of these old fashioned buildings are still extant. They 

 differ considerably from the large ceremonial lodge: instead of four inyds- 

 tcdn or principal upright posts, they have only two, one in the middle of 

 each gable end. To facilitate the semi-circular hollowing of their upper 



^ 



=^ t=sli 



'•■4 



9 



/ 



110- 



=5 ^^ 



J^ 



<1L 



Fig. 177. 



ends, these are previously thinned on each opposite side into a tapering 

 edge (fig. 177 b\ Four inyds-sdl or secondary uprights, c^ stand in the 

 corners of the lodge. As the walls are to be superimposed poles, minor 

 posts or stakes, d, are planted in the ground in pairs on each side of the 

 wall whenever this is necessary to prevent the latter from tumbling down. 

 After the posts of the walls have been inserted between the two opposite 

 posts they are furthermore secured thereto, three or four together, by 

 means of willow bark ropes. Such unimportant habitations have 

 indifferently one or two entrances, generally without any door. Their 

 apex is formed as in the preceding case by the transversal piece, e, which 

 rests on each end of the eaves-plate. When two doorways exist, one will 

 be on the right, the other on the left, of the main upright post in the 

 middle. 



The roof is in every respect similar to that of the ceremonial lodge. 

 Speaking of the latter, I failed to mention that the eaves project a 

 considerable distance from the walls. 



A few ceremonial lodges were also built on the same plan as the minor 

 dwelling houses. Their material was identical, save that instead of poles 

 hewn planks formed the walls. In that case the totem crest was carved 

 out of the protruding end of the top plate (fig. 188). A few even had 



