A. E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands. 459 
stood at that time. Moreover his figures agree well with the con- 
temporary descriptions by Governor Butler, as to the number of 
guns in each fort and other particulars. Butler himself alludes to 
such figures, probably the very ones published by Smith. 
Governor Lefroy, in his edition of Butler’s ‘“ Historye,” has 
reprinted this illustration. Norwood’s original maps of that period 
are remarkably accurate. 
I have here reproduced some of the illustrations of the old forts, 
taken from Capt. John Smith’s History. In the view of King’s 
Castle a vessel is represented as passing through the narrow channel, 
under Gurnet Head, and Southampton Fort is shown on the other 
side, as described by Governor Butler, who built it. But no attempt 
has been made by the artist to-show the actual form or height of 
either island, or the width of the channel, as compared with the size 
of the ship and forts, for the channel here is perhaps a quarter of a 
mile wide. It is, in fact, in these respects intended to be a mere 
diagram, but it was probably also intended to give a fair idea of the 
form and character of the forts or platforms themselves, and of the 
redoubts or magazines, and more especially the number of mounted 
guns. 
Governor Butler states that Southampton Fort was the only one 
properly planned and laid out for defence, and the illustration cer- 
tainly shows a style of construction very different from any other, 
and more like the larger forts of the Old World (fig. 20). Its ruins 
can now be seen, having nearly the form here represented. It is 
enumerated as among the forts in use in 1677, in the statement 
made by the Company, and it was still garrisoned in 1693. I have 
found no mention of its having been repaired or rebuilt in later 
times. Governor Lefroy (about 1876) speaks of it as showing its 
original form, and in fair preservation, at that time. Scientifically 
it is, therefore, of much more interest than the works on Castle 
Island. 
The northern side of Castle Island was so high that boats could 
not land there except at the foot of stairs cut out of the solid rocks. 
These must have been used when the seas were beating on the 
south side. There was also a well and windlass for hoisting freight 
from boats on that side, where the cliff overhangs. Two large brick 
water-cisterns, with their stone catchment platforms, on the slopes 
of the hills, are still in pretty good condition, and are full of good 
water, but they are probably not very ancient. (See plate Ixxix, 
fig. 1, b, ¢.) 
