A. FE. Verrill— The Bermuda Islands. 661 
Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. 
A very ornamental garden plant, in flower from November to 
May. Common in the larger gardens. Brazilian ; introduced from 
Gibraltar in 1874, by Governor Lefroy. 
Another species (B. glabra) has also been cultivated at Clarence 
House (Lefroy). 
Madeira Vine. (Boussingaultia baselloides H. B. K.) 
Occasionally cultivated ; South American. 
Dutchman’s Pipe; Juaco. (Aristolochia trilobata L.) Not common. 
Oriental Smilax ; Sarsaparilla. (Smilax aspera L.=S. sagittefolia 
Lodd.) 
Naturalized in some places. Not common. 
29.— The Extermination or partial Extermination of Native Birds. 
a.— Character of the Original Native Avifauna. 
Fortunately several of the early writers* give pretty full accounts 
of the birds that they found on the islands, and especially of those 
seabirds that existed in large numbers and were of great importance 
to them as food. 
These writers all agree in respect to the wonderful abundance of 
certain seabirds, whose eggs and flesh contributed very largely to 
their food supply during the early years. Indeed, it is probable that 
without this source of food those shipwrecked parties would have 
died of starvation. Even later, in 1614-1615, during the famine 
that occurred among the settlers (see p. 552), the birds furnished for 
a time a large part of their food. One of these abundant and use- 
ful birds they called the ‘Egg-bird,’ because -its spotted eggs were 
laid in vast numbers in May, openly, on some of the smaller sandy 
islands ‘reserved for their use.’ These were undoubtedly terns. 
They were very soon all exterminated or driven away. 
Among the formerly abundant birds there was one of very great 
interest; originally called the ‘Cahow’ or ‘Cohowe,’ with various 
* Strachy and Silvanus Jourdan, of Somers’ shipwrecked party, published good 
accounts in 1610. Governor Moore’s letter was written in 1612, but it was not 
published at that time. The Rey. Lewis Hughes published his account in 1615, 
and Capt. John Smith, borrowing his facts mainly from Governor Butler’s 
MSS. Historye, published his own History in 1624. 
