138 Chittenden and Cummins—Influence of Bile 
Thus even 0°14 per cent. of sodium taurocholate under these 
conditions almost entirely stops amylolytic action. The smaller per- 
centage of glycocholate, however, causes the same increased amyl- 
olytic action observed with the smaller percentages of crystallized 
bile. 
With the bile acids the following results were obtained. The 
glycocholic acid used was a nicely crystallized specimen prepared 
from ox bile, while the taurocholic acid, prepared from the same 
source, was amorphous: 
Per cent. ; Total amount Starch 
bile acid. Wt. Cu in 4%. reducing bodies. converted. 
0 0°0694 gram. 0°1420 gram. 25°56 per cent. 
0°01 taurocholic. 0:0753 071538 , 27°68 * 
0°05 0°0783 0:1598 28°76 
0°10 0°0060 - 0°0146 2°63 
0°20 0 
0:05 glycocholie. 0°0523 071082 © 19°47 
0°10 0:0095 0°0234 4:21 
0°20 0°0056 0°0136 2°44 
0°50 trace 
1°00 0 
It is thus seen that 0°1 per cent. taurocholic acid prevents amyloly- 
tic action almost entirely, while 0°2 per cent. does not allow the con- 
version of any starch into sugar. This agrees exactly with the — 
results obtained by Maly and Emich.* These same investigators, 
however, found only a trace of amylolytic action in the presence of 
0:05 per cent. taurocholic acid; a result which does not agree with 
what we have found, working, however, under somewhat different 
conditions. 
The presence of 1:0 per cent. glycocholic acid entirely prevents 
the conversion of starch into sugar, while 0°5 per cent. allows only — 
the smallest amount of diastatic activity. Maly and Emich likewise — 
found that 1°0 per cent. of glycocholic acid stopped the diastatic 
action of saliva. 
We have repeated the last series of experiments in part, using, 
however, normally alkaline saliva instead of neutralized. 
bile ere Wt. Cu in 4. ee ae Caneenic 
0 0°0590 gram. 0°1212 gram. 21°81 per cent. 
0°1 glycocholie. 0:0107 0°0258 4°64 
0°2 0:0057 00139 2°50 
0-1 taurocholic. 0°0052 00126 2°26 
* Loe, cit., p. 118. 
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