148 Chittenden and Cummins—Influence of Bile 
Sodium ‘Weight of 
taurocholate. indivested vesldne: enn 
0 per cent. 0°2308 gram. 76°92 per cent. 
0°05 0°2566 74°34 
O° Ones 073048 69°52 
1:00 0°2832 71°68 
sodium glycocholate. 
0°10 0°2576 74°24 
0°20 0°3154 68°46 
The presence of 3°0 per cent. crystallized ox bile caused a some- 
what different result, increasing the proteolytic action slightly; thus, 
while the control, containing 0°3 per cent. sodium carbonate, digested 
88°69 per cent. of fibrin, the same trypsin solution plus 3 per cent. 
of crystallized bile digested in the same time 89°73 per cent. of fibrin. 
While bile or bile salts have but little influence on the proteolytic 
action of trypsin, the bile acids, even small percentages, have a much 
more marked effect. The following results, obtained by the addition 
of the bile acids to a neutral pancreatic juice, show the extent of the 
action : 
Weight of Fibrin 
Bile acids. undigested residue. digested. 
0 0°2516 gram. 74°84 per cent. 
Glycocholic, 0°03 per cent. 0°1993 80°07 
Taurocholic, 0°10 073455 65°45 
0°20 04332 56°68 
0°50 0:4170 58°30 
Here the retarding influence of taurocholic’ acid is very manifest, 
while, on the other hand, the small percentage of glycocholic acid 
appears to increase the action of the ferment. 
- In view of the possible acid-reacting character of the contents of 
the small intestines, it becomes an interesting point to ascertain the 
influence of bile on the action of trypsin in the presence of more 
or less combined acid. With a pancreatic juice in which the proteids 
were partially saturated with salicylic acid, 0°1 per cent. combined 
acid being present, the following results were obtained : 
Weight of Fibrin 
Bile. undigested residue. digested. 
0 per cent. 0°4822 gram. 51°78 per cent. 
1:0 0°4858 51°42 
10°0 0-4091 59°09 
This increased action in the presence of 10 per cent. of bile accords 
with Lindberger’s results, this experimenter having found that bile 
in the presence of small percentages of (combined?) acetic and lactic 
acids tends to diminish the retarding effect produced by the acids 
alone. 
In the presence of combined hydrochloric acid, the bile salts pro- 
duced no effects whatever; the trypsin was entirely without action. 
