of Sugar in the Liver, in the presence of Peptones. 205 
Experiment XII.—Sheep’s liver. 
Liver Total 
taken. Treatment. Glycogen. Sugar. carbohydrates, 
50 grams. With peptones. 0 1:10 4 1:53 4 
50 Without ‘“ 0 0°84 0°96 
14 hours at 40° C. + 0°26 + 0:57 
Experiment XIIt.——Calf’s liver. 
Liver Total 
taken. Treatment. Glycogen, Sugar. carbohydrates. 
50 grams. With peptones. 0 2:39 % 2°86 % 
50 Without ‘“‘ 0°22 % 2°52 2°87 
1} hours at 40° C. and — — 
16 hours at 20° C. —0°22 —0-13 —0:01 
After boiling the sugar with dilute H.SO,, 2°39=2°71 % Ratio 88:3: 100. 
AR = Se *$ 2°52=2°62 «¢ 96:4: 100. 
+0:09 
These results show throughout no indications whatever of a form- 
ation of sugar from peptones; on the contrary the results are wholly 
in accord with the formation of liver sugar from the hepatic glyco 
gen. At the same time it is apparent in several cases, that the de- 
crease of glycogen is somewhat in excess of the increase in sugar, 
which fact would agree with the view of Seegen and Kratschmer that 
the destroyed glycogen is consumed in some other manner than by con- 
version into sugar. But this is in the liver after death, from which we 
cannot assume like action during life. There is further, in the results 
obtained, strong evidence that the liver sugar, as found after death, 
is a mixture of maltose and dextrose; the former presumably being 
converted into the lattcr by further ferment action, As to the total 
carbohydrates the results certainly accord in a general way with 
those obtained by Seegen. In nearly every case, the presence of pep- 
tone gives rise to an increase in tdtal carbohydrates; the average 
increase in 8 experiments is, however, but 0°52 per cent. This in- 
crease, though small, is certainly too large to be explained by the 
assumption of analytical errors, and the increase, moreover, is too con- 
stant to admit of such an explanation. Futhermore, it is to be noticed 
in several instances, that in the presence of peptone the total carbo- 
hydrates found are greater than the sum of the boiled sugar and 
glycogen calculated as dextrose, while in the control they are practi- 
eally equal; 2 fact which certainly lends favor to the view that the 
apparent, increase of total carbohydrates is a real increase, due in 
some manner to the presence of peptone. Opposed to this view, 
however, or rather to the view that the liver possesses the power of 
