18 A. W. Evmis — North American Species of Frullania. 



The following statement is quoted from the description by that 

 author of his Frullania saxicola : — " Perianth longer than in ^. Vir- 

 ginica and more exserted, Liit angled much in the same manner ; 

 however, the angles are never crested, and the ' style ' or mouth is 

 very different ; (tubular and considerably elongated in F. Virgin- 

 ica)." The perianth is so extremely variable an orgai/" that the dif- 

 ferences brought forward are hardly sufficient to keep the plants dis- 

 tinct, particularly as the characters derived from leaves, underleaves 

 and involucres are almost identical in the two. The short beak of 

 F. saxicola is at first sight a striking peculiarity, but there are inter- 

 mediate grades between it and the typical beak of I'. Virginica, 

 while the absence of crests is a rather inconstant feature In his 

 account of F. Sullivantii, Austin gives no direct comparison with I'. 

 Virginica but indicates the following differences in his description : 

 — the larger lobule, the connate bracteole, the fewer keels in the 

 perianth. Differences as great as these may sometimes be found in 

 a single specimen. I have been able to study the types of both of 

 Austin's species and find no greater differences than those enumer- 

 ated. 

 10. Frullania Eboracensis Gottsclie in Lehmann, Pugillus, viii: 14. 1844. 



Frullania saxatilis Lindenb , in G. L. et N. Syn. Hep., 424. 1844. 



Frullania microscypha Tayl., Lond. Jour. Bot., v: 402.* 1846. 



Frullania Iceviscyplia Tayl., 1. c, v: 403. 1846. 



Frullania nana Tayl., 1. c, v: 404. 1846. . 



Plate IX. figs. l-ll. 



Dioicous: plants closely appressed to matrix, usually green but 

 often tinged with brown or red ; stems irregularly pinnate, some- 

 times flagelliferous ; leaves imbricated, the lobe suborbicular, arch- 

 ing over the stem and cordate at base, rounded at the slightly de- 

 curved apex, entire ; lobule galeate, truncate at base, separated from 

 the stem by about one-sixth its width ; stylus minute, two or three 

 cells wide at base : underleaves distant, ovate or rhombic-ovate, bifid 

 about one-third with subacute lobes and sinus, entire or obscurely 

 unidentate on the sides : leaf-cells of lobe rather thick-walled with 

 trigones and intermediate thickenings, the latter becoming fewer 

 toward the base : ? inflorescence terminal on the stem or a main 

 branch ; bracts in two or three pairs, unequally bifid, the lobe ovate, 

 rounded at the apex, entire or slightly crenulate toward base ; lobule 

 narrower than the lobe, ovate, acute or obtuse, bearing a small tooth- 

 like segment or stylus at about the middle, otherwise subentire ; 

 bracteole free or connate on one side, ovate, bifid one-third or more. 



