406 A. W. Eva7is — Hawaiian Hepaticce of the Tribe Juhuloidece. 



sections to generic rank, retaining the name Juhula for his section 

 Juhidotypus, and applying to his section Ascolohium the older name 

 Frullania of Raddi, of Avhose work he had until then apparently 

 been ignorant. This arrangement is adhered to in his latest work on 

 the Hepaticoe, published in 1874.* 



For many years other writers on the subject, both in Europe and 

 in America, did not agree with these final views of Dumortier, but 

 included both genera under the name IFruUania. In 1884,f how- 

 ever, Spruce pointed out more clearly than Dumortier had done the 

 differences between the two, and since this time, they" have been 

 almost universally recognized. 



The type of the genus is Jubula Hatchinsice (Hook.) Dum., a very 

 local plant of Great Britain. Forms similar to this type have been 

 found in eastern North America, in tropical America, in Asi"a, and 

 in several islands of the Pacific, and these various forms have, with 

 very few exceptions, been referred to J. Hutchinsioe as varieties. 

 There is no doubt that these so-called vai'ieties are very closely 

 related to each other, and it is probable that some of them are 

 merely temporary conditions of others. Still, as the differences 

 between certain of them are very well marked and seem to be con- 

 stant, it is doubtful if anything is to be gained by trying to keep 

 them together. All the Hawaiian material which I have seen can be 

 referred to the single species: 



1. Jubula piligera (Aust.) Evans. 



Frullania Uutchinsice Auct. (not (Hook.) Dum.). 



Frullania [Juhiila) piligera Aust. Bull. Torr, Bot. Club, vi, 301. 



1879. 

 Jubula piligera Evans, Trans. Conn. Acad, viii, 253. 1891. 



Plate XLVIL, figs. 12-20. 



Autoicous: growing in flat tufts, dark green: stems irregularly 

 pinnate: leaves imbricated, the lobe broadly ovate, reflexed or plane 

 at the acuminate apex, entire or sometimes sparingly ciliate-dentate 

 (with one to three teeth) near the apex, arching to about the middle 

 of axis and neither rounded nor cordate at base; lobule galeate, dis- 

 tant from axis and spreading or subparallel, flattened, appearing 

 clavate when seen from edge, narrowed at the obliquely truncate 

 base, inflated throughout; stylus very early obsolete: underleaves 

 ovate-orbicular, rounded toward the base and slightly decurrent, bifid 



* Hep. Europ. 25, 26. f Hep. Amaz. et And. 59. 



