xo Transactions of the Canadian Institute. [Vol, VII. 



filled with clay. The map shows the probable course of this ancient 

 stream. 



Into the main stream flowed a tributary which joined it at St. 

 David's. Its channel was relatively much narrower than that of the 

 main stream. It appears to have been formed by the union of three 

 small tributaries, whose waters finally came together at the Whirlpool. 

 One followed a buried channel through the Collegiate Institute 

 grounds, in Niagara Falls, Canada, to go by way of the present Niagara 

 to the Whirlpool ; on the way it was joined by a tributary flowing on 

 the American side from Eagle Mount ; while a third tributary seems to 

 have flowed south from the present Devil's hole to join the combined 

 stream at the Whirlpool. 



Beyond the Whirlpool, the combined stream followed nearly the 

 course of the present Whirlpool ravine, although the latter seems to be 

 a little to the south of the old channel. This is shown by the rocks, 

 Niagara and Clinton, found in place in the bed of the stream at present 

 flowing through the ravine. The bed of this stream was probably not 

 as deep as the bottom of the present Whirlpool, the latter having its 

 depth increased by the rotary motion of the water. 



The Whirlpool ravine crosses the Grand Trunk tracks about a 

 quarter of a mile south of the Stamford station. After this, it crosses a 

 field and road. On the far side of the road is a pond fed by a spring 

 creek, whose source is near the Presbyterian church in Stamford 

 village. 



From a little above the pond a wide depression, not very clearly 

 defined, follows back towards Stamford, veering, however, northwards 

 in the direction of the sandpits at St. David's. At the highest point of 

 this depression in swampy ground near the side of the road, is a little 

 grove of trees. From this starts a depression slanting downwards 

 almost without a break to within one hundred yards of the sandpits. 

 Any moisture falling on this depression could easily soak through the 

 intervening gravel into the sandpits and St. David's ravine. 



