46 Transactions of the Canadian Institute. [Vol. VII. 



twelve months, while that of the Aztecs and Central American peoples 

 contained eighteen. The names given by the Amautas to some of the 

 plants of their pharmacopoeia have survived, but their botanical names 

 are only known in a few cases, and these to South American botanists. 

 There is a valerian among them, the Valeriana coarctata, and it is 

 called Huaritura. The European species, Valeriana officinalis, bears 

 the Irish name Carthan-curaigh, out of which Huaritura may have 

 been evolved. A euphorbia, species not mentioned, was Huachancana. 

 The Irish title of the Euphorbia tithymalis is Buidhe-na-ningean, in 

 which the final ningean answers to the ancana of the Peruvian word. 

 The uncouth term Llamapnahui denotes the Negretia inflexa, a plant 

 unknown to the writer. It is not unlike the Irish Lion-an-abhain, the 

 " Ranunculus aquatilis," but its fuller form, and its use in medicine, 

 suggest the Lion-na-nibean-sighe, which is the name of the " Linum 

 catharticum," or purging flax. The " Krameria triandria " is called 

 Maprato and Ratana, and these names suggest the Irish Bior-nam- 

 bride, the dandelion, and Liathan, the not-unsimilar marigold. The 

 Peruvian title of the " Molina prostrata " is Parhataquia, and Baladh- 

 chnis is the Irish yellow ladies bed-straw, or " Galium verum." The 

 plant Chinapaya is not identified, but it is probably the Chenipa of 

 the Canary Islands, the Irish Cnaib, and the well-known " Cannabis 

 sativa," or hemp. Another unidentified plant is the Chenchelcome, 

 the nearest to which is the Irish Samharcain, the primrose, "Primula 

 veris." The Panqui may be the Fanaigse or dog violet, " Viola 

 canina"; the Fuinseach or enchanter's night-shade, Circcea lutetiana ; 

 or Puineoga, sorrel, " Rumex acetosella." The names, Checasoconche 

 and Chucumpa, invite comparison with the Irish Sgeach-chumhra, 

 sweet-briar, and other sgeachs and sgeachanachs , which are thorn 

 bushes. Another plant Mulli may be the Mol of the Canaries, 

 an aromatic shrub, or the Amuley of the same, an herb, for which 

 equivalents are offered in the vocabulary. The Matecllu may be the 

 Irish Meastorc-caoil, St. John's wort or "Hypericum androsaemum " ; 

 or the Bodan-na-cloigin, yellow rattle or " Rhinanthus cristagalli." 

 The nearest equivalent of Tasta is the Irish Saisde which denotes 

 sage, " Salvias " of many species. The name Masca suggests many 

 Irish botanical words, such as Masog, a small red berry; Miosach. 

 another name of " Linum catharticum " ; Measog, the acorn ; Meascan, 

 butterwort, " Sanicula " ; and Feusogach, the bearded capillary or 

 " Adiantum." The .same is the ca.se with Ckillca, for the Irish 

 Caolach denotes fairy flax, Ceolagh, purging flax, Clock, henbane, 

 Sailchuach, violet, Salchuach, " Viola odorata," Seileac/i, willow, 

 etc. Finally Huacra-huacra resembles Eochair, a sprouting plant. 



