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Transactions of the Canadian Institute. 



[Vol. VII 



deposits to rest upon it under the then existing conditions. Conse- 

 quently they moved down, as deposited, to a position of stable 

 equilibrium, producing in the slipping, the slight upward drag seen in 

 the beds just at the contact. At the ridge near Varty lake, and at that 

 one now fronting the escarpment east of Fort Hill, similar conditions 

 probably prevailed. The steep face of the ridge in the latter case has a 

 slope of about thirty-five degrees, in some places it is even steeper, yet 

 the limestones show no s}'mpathetic dip, (figure 4). At Fort Hill, 

 where the grade indicated by the strata is now sixteen degrees, the 

 water would probably be somewhat deeper, and the calcareous sediments 

 were very fine grained. The inclined position of the much coarser 

 sediments at Kingston Mills, and the state of preservation of the fossils 

 in these coarse sediments, indicate that the water was moderately quiet 

 so there seems no adequate reason wh}' the finer material should not 

 have been deposited in its present inclined position at Barriefield com- 

 mon, (figure 6). With reference to the other criteria, thinning out of 



Figure 6. — An ideal section to show the probable conditions at Fort Hill before degradation and denuda- 

 tion. The dotted lines show the bottom and top of figure 3. 



beds, faulting and slipping, so far as known the two latter are absent, 

 and the first can only be applied rarely. 



The balance of evidence thus seems to indicate that the ridges are 

 of pre-sedimentary origin, and that the sedimentary strata were 

 deposited essentially in the positions in which we find them to-day. It 

 is interesting to note that at the base of the cliff on Deer bay, in the 

 distance of a little over a mile, there is a continuous transverse section of 

 no less than five light anticlinal domes in strata which are only removed 

 a few feet from the gneiss, here below the water level. The arch dies out 

 in about the first twenty feet of strata. Above that, so far as the eye can 

 judge, they are nearly horizontal. 



Logan ('63, 98), refers to strata near Millburn (then, Daly's Mills) 

 having comparatively high angles of dip near the junction with the 



