igoo-i.] Effects of Water on Foliage Leaves. 343 



and of a yellowish brown colour, while those of the others were long, 

 whitish and healthy-looking. When these results are correlated with 

 those of the preceding it is found that, in a measure at least, they 

 confirm certain conclusions previously stated. 



Series IV., shown in Fig. 16, 4, was set up at the same time as the 

 others and consisted of three jars with twigs as shown in the diagram, 

 having in the jar in (i) tap water, and having the " butt " end of the twig 

 in the jar. In (j) there was distilled water in the jar but the twig was 

 placed with the "top" end in the water. In (k) the "butt" end was in 

 the solution, (nutrient). 



March 19th, (i) had five healthy roots (one of which was about an 

 inch long), growing equally from all sides of the twig and nearly 

 perpendicularly to its axis. Twig (j) had sent out four short roots and 

 (k) two roots, one of which was about three mm. long. 



April 8th (i) seemed to be thriving excellently both as to roots and 

 buds. Twig (j) had a very poor growth ; (k) had a few roots in the 

 liquid but they were short and the tips were darkened ; a couple of buds 

 were developing near the tip of the twig. 



April 23rd, (i) flourishing nicely ; (j) not dead but exceedingly slow 

 in growth both as to roots and buds ; (k) buds become darkened and 

 seemed to be drying up, the roots were discoloured and of a stunted 

 growth. We note the difference in growth between (i) and (j) when 

 moisture and polarity are contending forces ; also the effect again of the 

 nutrient solution upon the growth of both the roots and the buds. 



Series V., Fig. 16, i, in the diagram shows the arrangement of the 

 apparatus. Two sets were arranged — (1) and (m), all the jars being 

 wrapped about with black paper and no observations were made of the 

 ends of the twigs until the close of the experiment on April 23rd. In 

 (1) there was distilled water in both jars ; in (m) nutrient solution in 

 both jars. Before the close of the experiment it was observed that both 

 twigs had considerable growth, but that in the case of (m) the leaves 

 had a tendency to curl and to turn black, wilt and die, though the plant 

 was certainly living at the close of the experiment. Upon examining 

 the ends of the twigs on April 23rd it was found that (1) had many 

 roots at the butt of the twig, some of them 75 to 100 mm. in length, 

 that it had ten roots at the " top " and one green bud. Two of the 

 roots at the "top" were each 60 mm. long. The roots at the "butt" 

 of (m) were short and stunted, none being over 25 mm. long. The 

 tips of these roots were brown in colour. It had developed two roots 



