1895-96.] THE CELT IN ANCIKNT EGYPT AND BABYLONIA. 101 



and Chaldean monuments. Yet it is more than Hkely that Brian, 

 Cumhal and Colgar spoke their mother's Celtic language, although so far 

 the name of the latter only, as Khalugari, appears in a Celtic document. 

 There are Chaldean inscriptions of his brothers, who are called Burna- 

 Buryas and Bel-Samu, of which latter Cum-hal is an inversion. They 

 connect locally with Zirgulla and dynastically with Kurigalzu, who is 

 Trathall. The Celtic army leader of the Hittite confederacy, whom the 

 Egyptians called Saprer, has a fragmentary Babylonian record now in 

 the British Museum in which he is termed Isbi-barra, king of Karrak. 

 There may have been a Karrak in Chaldea, but his city was Kerak, in 

 what afterwards became the land of Moab, and near it, towards the 

 Dead Sea, not in any part of then unknown Asia Minor, lay the Ilium 

 which Tarkhundara's son Memnon came to help when besieged by 

 Agamemnon or Shimon, the valiant nephew of Rameses the Great. 

 Classical writers say that Isbi-barra's grandson Mauthcnar, whom they 

 call Antenor, deserted his country in her hour of need and fled to Italy^ 

 but universal Celtic tradition, whether it call him Morvid or Diarmaid^ 

 represents him as perishing in a desperate but unequal contest with a 

 huge monster, a trope, perhaps, for the giant power of Egypt. 



As illustrating the vitality of ancient tradition, and at the same time 

 its corruptions in the process of transmission, it is worth while comparing 

 the lists of the sons of this great commander or generalissimo of the 

 Hittites as preserved by the classical and Celtic historians. Antenor is 

 said to have had nineteen sons, but the Iliad celebrates only seven. 

 Geoffrey of Monmouth gives Morvid five ; and I have succeeded in 

 finding no more than three sons of Diarmaid,. to whose number I add 

 the names of two of his grandsons, Blathmac and Maolodhar. Leaving 

 out Acamas, son of Antenor, who has no parallel in the other geneal- 

 ogies, there remain six classical names to compare with two Celtic 

 groups of five each. It is to be remembered that a Greek Agenor is the 

 same as a Sanscrit Agni, the or being an unnecessary increment, 

 that r and 1 are interchangeable as are b and m, and that any radical 

 diversity in an initial consonant may in some cases be explained as the 

 result of prefixes, the original significance of which is now lost. Thus a 

 son of Bellerophon is called Isandros and Pisandros, and the wife of 

 Telamon bears the names Eriboia and Periboia. 



Sons ok An^knor or Mauthenar : 

 Archilochus Polydamas Polybus Agenor Helicaon Laodociis. 



Sons of Morvid or Nar-mauth : 

 Arthgallo Perediire Gorbonian Vigen Elidure. 



Sons and Grandsons of Diarmaid or Nar-mauth : 

 Breasal Blathmac Colman-beag Hugh-slaine Maolodhar. 



