368 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VOL. V. 



cols beneath the Gulf stream are hundreds of feet above the submarine 

 plateaus on both sides of it. To that channel there are several 

 tributaries from directions which oceanic currents could not affect. 



Lyell, the great geological teacher, impressed upon his followers the 

 instability of the land and sea. The drowned valleys are only measur- 

 ing sticks for determining the amount of change. 



