348 W. G. Yan Name — Bermuda Ascidia^is. 



of the calcareous capsule. The mantle contains a few black-pig- 

 mented corpuscles. 



The tentacles are very slender and numerous, of two sizes, the 

 shorter inserted, as in Distoma, in a separate and more anterior 

 circle. There are four rows of stigmata with but a small number in 

 a row. Both apertures are six-lobed. 



This species is rather common in Castle Harbor; off Bailey's Bay; 

 and doubtless in other places at Bermuda, on gorgonians, corals, etc. 



Cystodytes violaceus, n. sp. 



Plate XLVIII. Figures 12, 13 and 14. 



Four small colonies of a species of this genus, evidently distinct 

 from C. draschii, were obtained in Castle Harbor, at Waterloo, in 

 May, 1901. The largest measures only about 12°^" across and not 

 much over 2""" in thickness. They were attached to the under side 

 of a stone. 



The test is semi-transparent, allowing the zooids, or rather their 

 capsules, to be seen, and contains corpuscles with purple pigment, 

 which becomes brown in preserved specimens. The zooids have the 

 stomach yellow, but no pigment cells in the mantle. 



The spicules forming the capsules about the zooids resemble those 

 of C draschii, and reach a diameter of about .3°^™, but the capsules 

 are less perfect, and in addition there are spicules scattered in the 

 lower layers of the test and taking no part in the formation of the 

 capsules. They are '.uost numerous and conspicuous near the edges 

 of the colon3^ Most of them are of smaller size than those form- 

 ing the capsules, being usually only about one-tifth or one-sixth of 

 the diameter of the latter, and they are proportionately thicker, 

 with thick rounded edges, and are readily seen to be biiilt up of 

 radially disposed rods or needles. The spicules of the capsules also 

 have radial striations or markings, but they are much less distinct. 

 (Figs. 13 and 14.) Bladder- cells occur in the test, but much less 

 abundantly than is usual in C. draschii. 



The zooids are similar to those of that species, but average a little 

 smaller and generally have a smaller number of testes. Many of 

 them contain large eggs in the abdomen. 



Sluiter's figures and description (15) show that there is a very 

 striking resemblance, superficially at least, between this species and 

 his Diplosoma purpureum, found at Cape Verde, Africa, Though 

 he may have sufficient reason for placing his specimens in the genus 



