338 Verrill, Notes on Madiata. 



Dana placed the boundary farther south, at Cape Blanco. Mr. Bradley's 

 collection made at Zorritos, a short distance north of Cape Blanco 

 near Tumbez, shows a remarkable agreement with the fanua of Pana- 

 ma, not only in the Echinoderms, but also in all other classes, and 

 especially in the Mollusca, Polpys, and Crustacea, while his Paita col- 

 lection shows quite as remarkable an agreement with the Peruvian 

 Fauna. There is thus a very abrupt change in the faunae between 

 Zorritos and Paita, and Cape Blanco may properly be considered as 

 the point of division. 



The large proportion of species that have a range throughout the 

 whole extent of this Fauna, induces me to consider the three subdi- 

 visions proposed by Dana, as of secondary importance, yet in the 

 present state of our knowledge there are several species peculiar to 

 each of these subdivisions. The number, however, has been materi- 

 ally reduced by the late explorations. 



The Galapagos Province. — It is somewhat uncertain whether this 

 should not be united to the preceding, as a district or sub-province, 

 many of the species being characteristic Panamian forms. At the 

 same time some Peruvian species occur, which even caused both Dana 

 and Forbes to unite this Fauna with that of Peru. Possibly the 

 southern part of the Islands belong rather to the Peruvian and the 

 northern to the Panamian Fauna. The recorded localities are not 

 sufficiently exact to determine this question. 



The large percentage of species peculiar to this region and belong- 

 ing in most cases to Pacific rather than American types has induced 

 me to consider it a distinct fauna, with an intermixture of Peruvian 

 and, especially, Panamian forms. 



The Peruvian Province. — The region from Cape Blanco south- 

 ward to northern Chili is inhabited by a very distinct and character- 

 istic Fauna. One species only [JEchinocidaris stellata) has been found 

 in this Province, and that only in the extreme northern portion, which 

 occurs also at Panama. The northern limit is well marked, but the 

 southern is not yet accurately known. It appears to extend as far, 

 at least, as Coquimbo, while even at Valparaiso many of the charac- 

 teristic species occur. Dana considered Copiapo to be near its south-' 

 ern limit. 



The Chilian Province. — The middle coast of Chili, from near 

 Coquimbo to Valdiva, appears to be inhabited by a peculiar Fauna, 

 although at the same time several of the Peruvian species are mingled 

 with those characteristic of this region. By Forbes the Peruvian 

 Fauna was joined directly to the Araucanian. 



