58 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 
a light yellow color and the characteristic odor of balau. Treat- 
ment with sodium shows that it contains no alcoholic substances. 
Although it reacts with halogen acids, it was not possible to 
separate out a crystalline substance such as a hydrochloride. As 
the range in the boiling point of balau is considerably greater 
than that of a pure chemical compound, it is probably a mixture 
of sesquiterpenes. 
Bacon * performed a number of experiments to determine the 
solubility of balau in various solvents. He also distilled the 
resin and separated the distillate into various fractions. Dr. 
M. V. del Rosario made determinations on these fractions and 
obtained the results recorded in Table 6. 
TABLE 6.—Constants of fractions of Baldu. 






| 
Specific Fee fi | 
gravity. | Index | a Acid 
Nas | a number. | Bedi number. 
sta Rae SEIS pA Gr aes acd Wek Tes | 0.9089) 268.3 4.01 1.8 
Rt NRE a pod Bor SAS on ea 0.8882 | 1921) 10.7 23.0 
| sigh ke See ae es Be a to eee 120.9 12.75 ae 

Dipterocarpus grandiflorus reaches a height of from 40 to 
45 meters and a diameter of 180 centimeters. The bole is 
straight and regular and from 25 to 30 meters in length. The 
bark is from 6 to 8 millimeters thick, and is brittle. It varies 
in color from a brown gray to a light gray. It is shed in large 
scroll-shaped plates and has numerous corky pustules. The 
inner bark has a reddish color. The leaves are alternate, 
leathery, smooth, pointed at the tip, usually rounded at the base, 
from 19 to 30 centimeters in length, and from 9.5 to 17 centi- 
meters in width. The flowers are about 5 centimeters long, 
rose-colored, fragrant, and borne on racemes having about four 
flowers. The fruit is about 5 centimeters long, with five wing- 
like projections from the sides, and at one end two wings which 
are 14 to 23 centimeters long and 3 to 5 centimeters wide. 
The wood is moderately hard to hard, stiff, and strong. The 
heartwood is light ashy red to reddish brown or dark brown. 
It is used for posts; beams, joists, rafters; flooring; bridge and 
wharf constructions except piles; wagon beds; ship planking, 
barges and lighters; ties, paving blocks, mine timbers; cheap 
and medium-grade furniture. 

* Bacon, R. F., Philippine terpenes and essential oils, III. Philippine 
Journal of Science, Section A, Volume 4 (1909), page 93. 
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