108 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 
Genus PACHYRRHIZUS 
PACHYRRHIZUS EROSUS (L.) Urb. SINGKAMAS. 
Local names: Hingkamds (Cavite); kamdh (Zambales); kamds (Ilocos 
Norte and Sur, Abra, Pangasinan) ; lakamds (Pangasinan) ; sikamds (Pam- 
panga); sinkamds or singkamas (Ilocos Norte and Sur, Cagayan, Panga- 
sinan, Tarlac, Bulacan, Bataan, Rizal, Manila, Laguna, Tayabas, Cavite, 
Batangas, Camarines, Albay, Mindoro, Capiz); tikamds (Cuyo Island). 
SINGKAMAS OIL 
Heyne * says that Greshoff found in the sceds 38.4 per cent 
of a colorless, limpid oil. 
Pachyrrhizus erosus is a rather coarse, somewhat hairy, her- 
baceous vine. The leaves are compound with three leaflets, 
which are up to 15 centimeters in length and 20 centimeters in 
width. The flowers are pale blue or blue and white, 2 to 2.5 
centimeters long, and borne in racemes which are up to 45 cen- 
timeters in length. The pods are about 10 centimeters long, 
10 to 12 millimeters wide, flat, hairy, and contain from eight 
to ten seeds. The roots are large, fleshy, turnip-shaped. They 
are either eaten raw or prepared in a variety of ways. The 
young fruit is sometimes eaten as a vegetable. 
This species is a native of tropical America, but is now widely 
distributed in the tropics. It is thoroughly naturalized in the 
Philippines and is common in thickets. It is also extensively 
cultivated. 
Genus PITHECOLOBIUM 
PITHECOLOBIUM DULCE (Roxb.) Benth. KAMACHILE. 
KAMACHILE OIL 
A description and the local names of this species are given 
in the bulletin on edible plants. 
Concerning the oil yielded by the fruit of this species Kesava- 
Menon 7 states: 
* * * The fruit * * * contains a number of large seeds each 
of which is enveloped in a sweet, whitish pulp. The seeds are black, 
shiny, partly immersed in an arillus, and replete with an edible pulp 
of an yellowish white colour. The pulp on extraction with ether yielded 
18.22 per cent of a yellowish white oil, with a beany smell, which solid- 
ified at a temperature of 15° C. (=13.20 per cent calculated on the 
whole seed). The expressed oil is yellowish white, and very viscous, 
and “stearine”’ deposits on standing. The kernels form 72.4 per cent of 
the seed. Church (Dictionary of the Economic Products of India, Waitt, 
Vol. VI, Part I, page 282) states that 100 parts of bean contain: water, 

+ Heyne, K., De Nuttige Planten van Nederlandsch-Indié, Volume 2 
(1916), page 346. 
+ Kesava-Menon, A., Some Indian oils and fats. Journal of the Society 
of Chemical Industry, Volume 29 (1910), No. 24, page 1431. 
s* 
