SEED OILS 109 
” 
13.5 parts; albuminoids, 17.67 parts; starch, 41.4 parts; fatty matter, 
17.1 parts; fibre, 7.8 parts; ash, 2.6 parts. 
Physical and chemical characteristics of Pithecolobium dulee— 
Fat: Specific gravity (d 100/100) = 0.9106; (d 100/15) = 0.8756. 
Acid value, 63.9. Saponification value, 205.9. Reichert-Meiss] value, 8.41. 
Titration no. of insol. vol. acids, 1/10 KOH, 0.34. Iodine value, 56.60. 
Unsaponifiable matter per cent, 1.17. Butyro-refractometer at 25° C. 
“Degrees,” 69.5; at 40° C., 62.0. 
Fatty acids: Per cent, 87.64. Melting point, 44.7° C. Iodine value, 
57.59; neutralization value, 198.7. Mean molecular weight, 282.2. 
Genus PONGAMIA 
PONGAMIA PINNATA (P. mitis) (Linn.) Merr. (Fig. 39). BANI. 
Local names: Balobalé (Zamboanga, Basilan); balik-balik (Tagalog) ; 
baluk-balik, balutbalit, magit (Cotabato); baobad (Agusan); bani (Pan- 
gasinan, Zambales, Pampanga, Bataan, Cotabato); kadéi (Tayabas); ma- 
rokbarok (Bikol); salingkugi (Zamboanga). 
PONGAM OIL 
The seeds of this tree yield a red-brown, thick oil known as 
pongam oil. It is employed for illuminating and medicinal pur- 
poses and should also be useful for the manufacture of soap and 
candles. According to Lewkowitsch * the oil has the following 
constants: — 
BCEUME PEAVEY, AEWA 02 eek Nee Te 0.9352 
SGML LION Vale t>.) SMe al Sek. 178.0 
, AMET UNI ok ag FFE ch REY en” Ree ee 94.0 
Refraction index at 40° (butyro refractometer 
SN hk Bae on ee ea ate rs ak Te er 78.0 
Concerning this oil Watt} says: 
According to Lepine (Pharm. Journ. (2) XL., 16), the seeds yield 27 
per cent of a yellow oil, having a sp. gr. of 0.945 and solidifying at 8°C. 
It has been examined by the authors of the Pharmacographia Indica, who 
write: “The oil which we have examined (called Houge oil in Mysore), 
and expressed purposely from fresh seeds, was thick, of a light orange- 
brown colour, and bitter taste. The sp. gr. at 18°C was 0.9458. It yielded 
93.3 per cent of fatty acids melting at about 30°. With sulphuric acid 
it became yellow with orange streaks, and when stirred formed an orange- 
red mixture, which, after standing, became yellow. With nitric acid it 
formed an orange emulsion. With the elaidin test it remained liquid for 
several hours, and was of the colour and consistence of honey after two 
days. The fresh oil deposits solid white fats if kept at the temperature 
of 16° for a few weeks, and the clear oil then has the specific gravity of 
0.935. The bitter principle of the oil appears to reside in a resin, and 
not in an alkaloid as is the case with Margosa oil. 
’ 
Pongamia pinnata is a tree reaching a height of 15 meters 

* Lewkowitsch, J., Oils, fats, and waxes, Volume 2 (1915), page 498. 
+ Watt, G., A dictionary of the economic products of India, Volume 6 
(1892), page 323. 
