ESSENTIAL OILS 187 
Family ANNONACEAE 
Genus CANANGIUM 
CANANGIUM ODORATUM (Lam.) Baill. (Figs. 61-62). ILANG-[LANG. 
Local names: Alangigan (Ilocos Norte and Sur, Abra, Lepanto); ala- 
ngilan (Mindoro); anangilan (Surigao); anangiran (Manobo); biurak 
(Leyte) ; tlang-ilang (Ilocos Sur, Zambales, Tayabas, Bataan, Rizal, Ma- 
nila, Laguna, Mindoro, Balabac Island, Masbate, Guimaras Island, Ticao 
Island, Davao, Surigao); tangid, tangit (Camarines, Albay, Sorsogon). 
ILANG-ILANG OIL 
Ilang-ilang * oil is obtained by steam-distilling the flowers of 
anangium odoratum, in perfume literature sometimes called 
“the flower of flowers.” The best grade of distilled oil is almost 
colorless, having only a slight yellow tint. The inferior grades 
are greenish yellow. A very high-grade oil is also obtained by 
extracting the flowers with petroleum ether. This oil usually 
appears very dark. 
Ilang-ilang oil is extensively used in the perfumery industry. 
It is employed in the preparation of high grade perfumes such 
as lily of the valley, corylopsis, etc. 
Askinson + gives the formulas of various perfumes containing 
ilang-ilang as one of the principal constituents. The formula 
of one of these perfumes is as follows: 
, Heliotrope 
Oilkofeylane-ylan oe. oo ee es drops... 20 
MOR ATIOO Ait. Peed Suen. eee eee A ANS 5 NY dows. 10 
menzaldenyde t 2082. Sov i) ee ka do...... 2 
ERCNTO ROR eo oa a ee ee eed ae grains... 35 
AWcoiy out hia iat Paceee eee i OO ine ee ee Seb ene eer ae dos 6 
q SOUT AT Tyga eee eee cael ee ea eee do...... 4 
Tincture of musk (xylene 100%) ...2...........--.-2----------- dox.. 40 
Cologne spirit (95%) enough to make.................... quart.... 1 
The manufacture of ilang-ilang oil is the most important, in 
fact, it is practically the only perfume industry in the Philip- 
pines. This oil is peculiarly a product of the Philippines. Ac- 
cording to Parry ¢ oil distilled in other tropical countries from 
the same tree is not ranked in the same class as the Philippine 
product as regards quality. The value and amount of ilang- 
ilang exported from the Philippine Islands for the last four 
years are given in Table 30. 

* Frequently spelled ylang-ylang. 
» 7+ Askinson, G. W., Perfumes and cosmetics, (1915). 
~ Parry, E. J., Chemistry of essential oils and artificial perfumes, 
(1908). 
