INTRODUCTION. 
bed to hold the whole. There is no doubt that brilliant 
results are thus obtained (especially in climates where damp is 
more desiderated than drainage); but then no less brilliant ones 
are obtained without it, so why go to the expense of so un- 
necessary and elaborate a luxury? At the same time there 
may be thirsty climates and gardens, or defective water 
supplies, where it may be thought advisable to retain such 
moisture as flows through. For their benefit, then, I append 
a description and diagram of the cement-bound moraine, while 
at the same time preferring to advise all such as are allowed, 
by their convictions and their climate, to abstain from such 
unnecessary expense. 
dd et et ee a 
‘a, DSL yp ‘es BILITY IH GY rs 
Ws ae pea y= ar & 
he f yore ee %, awa Let he Se phe | [Por Pe 
Diagram 2. 
The cement should be some six inches thick. At the bottom 
of the lowest barrier must be a drain to let off the moisture. 
Over the cement floor must be a foot of rough drainage, with 
reversed turves in a floor over this to keep the shingle from 
sifting down. 
The ordinary moraine may be imagined from this diagram, 
by omitting the cement walls and floor. 
Special Beds.—These are fully suggested in the general preface 
to Gentiana (q.v.). Their composition, of course, may be endlessly 
varied to suit different orders of plants. Their general principles 
remain the same. Experiments in all directions lie ready to the 
hand of growing experience. In hot, dry places a special mixture 
of very poor and pebbly gravel with about one-fifth of leaf-mould 
XXXVil 
