CARPESIUM MACROCEPHALUM. 
which, togcther with our own much smaller but still silvery and 
everlasting C. vulgaris, lacks the special charm of unique C. 
acanthifolia. 
Carpesium macrocephalum is a large leafy Composite from 
Japan, with big heads of yellow blossom that are nodding at first. 
It is not a matter for praise. 
Cassandra calyculata.—Another little heath-cousin, closely 
akin to Cassiope and Andromeda, and asking for the choice treatment 
of these. It is a bushling of 18 inches, hanging out small white bells 
upon the lower part of the shoots. Though pleasant, it has no special 
force of attraction. 
Cassidpé, a specially fascinating little group of very high alpine 
or arctic heaths, of more or less minute habit, with the look, as a 
rule, of a Selaginella or a scaly New-Zealand Veronica, and with the 
flowers of Lily of the valley. With one exception they are miffy and 
mimpish jewels, requiring perfect drainage, yet abundance of moisture, 
not only through their soil (which should consist of half-shredded peat 
and leaf-mould mixed, and half of very coarse gritty sand, with liberal 
admixture of chips), but also all around them in the circumambient 
air. They will prosper best in the underground-watered bed, and their 
exquisite charm well repays the loving-kindness that it exacts. Among 
the species are: C. fastigiata, a precious and envied plant in gardens, 
from the great heights of Himalaya, like a wee Cypress-bush of 5 inches 
or so, in a neat tuft, with its queenly pure little bells hanging out here 
and there at the side of its four-square column of overlapping green 
scales, between each of which it shows a silver lining of chaffy mem- 
brane, which helps, no less than its erecter, tighter, smaller habit 
and larger flower, to distinguish it from the well-known C. tetragona, 
which is quite an easy and most profitable species to deal with in any 
open peaty place, nor by any means impatient of a reasonable amount 
of drought—in fact the one Cassiope thoroughly well adapted for 
cultivation, in the same style as the last, but larger and much laxer 
in growth, making Lycopodium bushlings a foot across, liberally 
hung with wax-drops that seem a trifle smaller and less brilliant than 
in C. fastigiata, but are, nevertheless, of the purest Lily-of-the-valley 
beauty all through the summer. It covers North America and Arctic 
Russia, and may be seen by the Lakes in the Clouds above Laggan 
in the Rockies. In C. ericoeides (Arctic Russia, &c.), whose name de- 
scribes its non-scaly, fine foliage like a heath’s, finally fringed and 
bristly, the flowers have only three lobes to the bell; while in C. 
Mertensiana, from the Central Rockies, there are four, and the bells 
themselves are pinkish, and the plant returns to the smooth Lyco- 
208 
