CATHCARTIA VILLOSA. 
than its normal chaffy-cupped great Centaurea-hawkweeds of rich 
blue. 
Cathceartia villosa is a small Himalayan Poppy, closely akin 
to Meconopsis, with heart-shaped foliage cut into three or five deep 
lobes, and then these lobed again, and all white with soft hair. The 
stems rise 18 inches or more, producing flowers of golden-yellow like 
those of Papaver alpinum. C. lyrata is of smaller habit, almost 
hairless, with the basal leaves soon dying away, and those on the . 
stem spear-headed and sometimes repeatedly barbed; and slightly 
hairy on each side. The flowers are solitary or in loose racemes of 
a few only—rather small, blue or purple, with the four petals rather 
ragged at the ends and narrow. C. polygonoeides is in the same style, 
with oval heart-shaped leaves almost absolutely untoothed and 
clasping the stem, with small blossoms, and narrow petals of purplish- 
white perfectly intact at the tips. It sends up much taller bristly 
stems than the last, about some 3 feet in height. C. betonicaefolia 
should be the finest of all—an almest hairless plant, with long basal 
leaves ovate-oblong and blunt, the upper ones clasping the stem, 
wavy-edged and glaucous underneath, with a fringe of hair. The 
flowers spring from the embrace of such a leaf—numerous on very long 
foot-stalks, making a loose fountain as in Meconopsis integrifolia. 
They are large and well-built, with broad wavy-edged petals of bluish 
violet, with golden stamens. This species comes from Yunnan, 
and the rest are all of the same range, and should be grown in the 
rich moist ground, stony and perfectly well-drained, which offers the 
best chance with the alpine Meconopsids; C. villosa, the only one in 
general cultivation, is probably not the easiest, as it suffers the peril 
of its hairy foliage, beautiful as the rosette of this may be with rain- 
pearls lying gleaming in its loose pelt of tawny fur. 
Caulophyllum thalictroeides has no particular merit, aeeh 
acceptable in the same conditions as Epimedium, with a thick root- 
stock, trefoils of lobed foliage, and showers of small greenish-purple 
flowers in April. There isalso an Asiatic C. robustum, with less divided 
leaves, and blooming a few weeks later. They both attain some 18 
inches (see also Bongardia and Leonitice). 
Celmisia, a huge race of large, stolid-stalked daisies entirely con- 
fined to New Zealand and the Antarctic Islands, where they abound 
in every size and shape, from minute high-alpines to fat and stalwart 
leafinesses, almost shrubs; but, with one glorious exception, never vary 
from the colour-rule of white. Only a few are in cultivation, and these 
seem to succeed in sunny positions in open well-drained soil, whether 
peaty or loamy, and may be seen in special force at Glasnevin. As, 
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