CiSTUS. 
has developed a coat of ash-grey down ; it is a neat low-growing gem 
of special charm, with the undiminished margucrite of Chr. alpinum. 
Chrysobactron. Sce under Buibineila. 
Chrysogonum virginianum, a very popular and much-praised 
Composite of curious unattractiveness, though useful; forming, under 
any treatment, masses of low foliage on which all the summer through 
appears a profusion of yellow flowers with rays so few and broad as 
to look like five-pointed stars not belonging to a Composite at all. 
Chrysopsis villosa is an even more worthless American Com- 
posite, but its dwarf variety C. v. Ruttert has more use ; it only grows 
some 4 to 8 inches tall, in a loose massed habit of silky-grey foliage 
starred over with fine golden daisies all the summer through. Division 
at will. 
Chrysosplenium forms a race of small Saxifrages, valueless unless 
in a mass, when, in wet and shady places, they form succulent carpets 
of foliage set with innumerable heads of innumerable minute golden 
blooms, effective by their force of numbers, that make a diffused effect 
of sunlight in the darkness. 
Cimicifuga put fleas to flight; and, even if they did not,are worthy 
stalwart giants, like giant Actaeas, with spreading foliage, much 
divided and very handsome, like that of a shining Spiraea or Aralia ; 
and then, in late summer and autumn, long towering spikes of white 
fluff some 4 or 5 feet high. The tallest and most branching and 
decorative generally is C. dahurica ; C. cordifolia and C. americana are 
only about a yard high, and the former sometimes has pinkish flowers ; 
C. japonica (Pityrospermum acerinum) has particularly long spikes 
that endure till the frosts, and the plant is some 4 feet in itself, with a 
variety C. 4. acerinum in which the leaves are of a special glossiness ; 
C. racemosa, or Serpentaria, is perhaps the finest of all, an Anak of 
6 feet or so, inimitably graceful, with its sheaves of blossom towering 
far above the spreading, arching weight of lucent leaves; and C. 
simplex (or C. foetida x simplex), has undivided spires of lesser altitude. 
All these thrive hugely in any rich deep soil, and are the glories of 
island, bog, or water-side in autumn. See Appendix. 
Cineraria.—The grey-leaved Southern Senecios (g.v.) are some- 
times removed into this name. 
Cistus.—A race of Southern shrubs, of which the only certainly 
and invariably hardy ones are C. laurifolius (leather-leaved, with large 
white flowers, about 4 feet), and the hybrid C. Loretit of much the 
same stature. But all the following are valuable, to be let grow in 
light well-drained soil in a sunny position ; and can easily be guaranteed 
by cuttings: C. crispus, with aromatic velvety foliage and flowers of 
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