DIANTHUS. ; 
flowers after the style of D. plumarius and D. serotinus, very ragged 
and fringy, on stems of about a couple of inches. (High Alps of 
Kurdistan and Armenia.) 
D. Falconeri sends up stout stalks of 5 feet or so that divide into 
equal branches, each carrying blossoms rather smaller than ie of 
D. Caryophyllus. 
D. fallens, from the Pyrenees, recalls D. monspessulanus, but that 
it is sturdier and stands erect, and is smaller in all parts. 
D. fimbriatus (D. orientalis) has a reddish calyx, and the stems rise 
from half a foot to a foot above the neat cushiony mass, each ending 
in a single large pink flower—the type of the Fringed Section, being 
slashed and gashed into the wildest lace-work. The species is wildly 
variable, and includes the varieties D. f. obiusisquameus, brachyo- 
dontus (dumulosus), and brevifolius. 
D. floribundus is near to D. anaiolicus, but has blossoms so deeply 
cut as almost to approach the Fringed Section in appearance, with a 
variety D. f. pruinosus which is the D. noéanus of Boissier. 
D. Freynii can hardly be separated from D. microlepis, of which it 
has all the neat exquisiteness and lovely charm, alike in tight bluish 
cushion, and dainty little stemless Pinks of white or rose that look 
especially happy and pretty against the grey stones of the moraine. 
D. frigidus. See under D. silvestris. 
D. Friwaldskyanus (D. rupestris, Friv.) also forms a tuft, and sends 
up smooth roundish stems of some 9 inches or less, each producing 
two or three pink blooms of no great size with notched petals. 
D. fruticosus is a noble bush after the style of D. arboreus, but 
rather less loose and with leaves flatter and broader; the trunk is 
also thicker, and the flowers larger and of more brilliant pmk. But 
there is some obscurity in the relations of the two plants and their 
respective beauties and values. (Rocks of Crete.) 
D. furcatus (see under D. caesius) is in the same line as D. alpester, 
Balb.—a small species, making cushions of dark-green leaves, soft, 
blunt, and narrow, in the hot black rocks of the Southern ranges, from 
which spray forth an unimaginable profusion of 9-inch stems, branch- 
ing at the ends, so as to carry some two or three rather small flowers, 
pink or white, smooth-edged or toothed, whose especial value lies in 
their profusion and the grace of the countless stems that carry them 
so delicately in a wavering unanimous shower of bright stars against 
the darkness of the cliff behind. The branching habit, among other 
points, distinguishes it from the other small species of the same region. 
D. gallicus is a pretty thing, suggesting a very much glorified 
D. delioeides. Here the ample foliage is clear-green or bluish, short 
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