GALIUM. 
spherical, while in the Aster it is conical. And there is yet another 
Galatella, the very variable G. Hauptii from the Ural, with many rays 
to the star. And see Appendix, under Aster, 
Galax aphylla.—The Wandflower of America makes a beautiful 
tuft of leathery shining leaves that go to russet and brown in autumn, 
and send up from their midst in summer long fluffy tails of white 
blossom on stems about a foot high at the most. It is a precious 
evergreen for cool vegetable soil, not parched, and, for preference, in 
half shade. It also has the advantage of making runners underground. 
Galium.—Among the many weedy and unbecoming Bedstraws, 
the rocks of various warm mountain ranges offer us a selection of tight 
and tidy little tuffets set with white or creamy (as a rule) flowers often 
as attractive as in their near allies the Asperulas. Like these indeed 
they are children of the South, and enjoy a sunny ledge with us in light 
soil. They are best propagated as a rule from pieces taken carefully 
off in summer ; and summer is also the season that sees their fullness 
of bloom. Among the best are : 
C. caespitosum, which makes especially graceful neat cushions, 
fine and soft and dense, with delicate frail square stems of an inch or 
two, set with whorls of six or eight green little leaflets, and ending in a 
bunch of a few flowers that barely emerge from the shoot. (Limestone 
and schistose rocks of the Pyrenees.) 
G. cyllenium, finest tufts of green moss, from which the flowers 
scarcely win free. 
G. delicatulum and G. kurdicum are masses of green, with flowers on 
heads of 5 or 6 inches or less. (From Northern Persia, Demavend, &c.) 
G. ephedrioeides is stiff and smooth, with stems of half an inch or 
an inch, forming intricate. masses in and out of each other; their 
rush-like sprays being set with tiny obovate leaves in whorls of four. 
The flowers are in loose clusters at the tips of the shoots, fat-lobed, 
and of creamy whiteness. (Crevices in the hot regions of Granada.) 
G. hypnoeides and G. pusillum are minute alpine tufts, occurring 
along the European ranges, and valuable rather for their green 
cushions—though in G. pusillum, indeed, this is ashy grey—rather 
than for their inconspicuous little flowers, which are much of the 
same worth in the silvered hairless mound of G. pyrenaicum, though 
laxer in the rosier-flushed G. cometerrhizon which only occurs in the 
schistose screes of the Pyrenees, and then again in Corsica. 
G. jungermannoeides, on the other hand, is in every way the most 
valuable hitherto of the race. For high on the cliffs of Lebanon, it 
forms very dense close masses of interlacing fine stems, often half a 
foot across, starred over with large fine purple flowers not emerging 
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