PLANTS WITH OKNAMExXTAL FRUITS 89 



Callicarpa. — There are several species with violet berries. 

 They are all evergreen shrubs. C. purpurea is perhaps the 

 finest, but C. ajuericana is more suitable for an ordinary green- 

 house. The treatment is much the same as for ardisia. 



Citrus (Orange). — There are a number of different species, 

 but the plants usually grown belong to some variety of the 

 ordinary sweet orange (C aurantium). They can be raised 

 from pips, but as they then take many years to reach the 

 fruiting stage, they are almost invariably budded or grafted. 

 They can also be propagated by cuttings. When well grown 

 they are very handsome plants, with glossy evergreen foliage, 

 and with fragrant white flowers and golden fruits, often with 

 both together. As they increase in size they must be trans- 

 ferred to larger pots, and eventually, perhaps, to tubs. While 

 they are making their growth they should be given weak 

 liquid manure and plenty of water ; later, when the wood is 

 ripening, they should, as usual, be kept a little drier and 

 placed outside, or else in a light and airy position in the 

 greenhouse. At all times the foliage should be kept clean 

 by spraying or syringing. The two most troublesome insects 

 are red spider and scale, the former always attacking plants 

 that have been kept too dry. Both can be washed off with 

 soapy water, but the operation will probably have to be 

 repeated more than once. The plants are sometimes dis- 

 figured by a black mould on the leaves. It can be got rid of 

 by spraying several times at intervals of a few days with 

 paraffin emulsion. 



Cotoneaster. — Most species grow so rapidly that they 

 soon become too large for pots, but as they flower and bear 

 their scarlet berries while small they can be grown in pots 

 for a time and then planted out. C. thymifolia is the 

 smallest, an excellent little evergreen. C. microphylla^ which 

 is better known, is also evergreen. The common C. Simo?isii is 

 evergreen under glass, but generally loses its leaves outside in 

 winter. Cotoneasters grow readily from seed, but do not 

 flower for two or three years. They can also be propagated 

 by cuttings or layers. The name is pronounced cot-o-ne-aster. 

 It means, resembling the quince {Cydonia). 



