Ixxx MEMOIR. 
in previous letters to Darwin, was followed in June 1865 by an 
elaborate paper on an allied group of orthopterous insects, the 
Phasmide ( phasma,a spectre), familiarly known as “walking-sticks.” 
Although low in the scale of development of the Insecta, that 
family affords excellent examples of protective adaptation in the 
resemblance of its members to dead twigs, withered leaves, smooth 
stems of grass, lichen-coloured bark, etc., so that the paper is an 
instructive supplement to that on mimetic analogies.* 
Bates’s monumental labours as a coleopterist are embodied in 
Godman and Salvin’s great work—a munificent outcome of private 
enterprise—the Biologia Centrali-Americana.t Of the first part of 
his contribution, which deals with two large families, the Czczxdelide, 
or tiger-beetles, which stand at the head of the whole order; and 
the Carabide, or ground-beetles ; a reviewer in ature (November 
26th, 1885) wrote as follows :— 
‘Its author has long been known as an entomological systematist, for itis 
now nearly twenty-five years since he inaugurated a rational classification of 
the Rhopalocera, or butterflies. He has been recognised, since the death of 
Baron Chaudoir,{ as the one entomologist possessing an extensive yet intimate 
knowledge of the Carabid@ of the whole world. But Chaudoir died without 
leaving behind him any general work on the classification of that family. It 
is therefore a matter for congratulation that the author of this beautiful 
volume has presented us with a systematic arrangement as complete as the 
faunistic nature of the work permitted. . The family Caradzd@ is of such 
enormous extent—12,000 species being known, with a vast number of others 
to come—that the necessity of some series of intelligible aggregates, subor- 
dinate to the division, but superior to the tribe or sub-family, is undeniable, 
and Mr. Bates’s attempt to furnish such a series is therefore of great value.” 
In a couple of papers printed in the 7vansactions of the Enio- 
mological Society, 1890-91, the additions to the Carabide of the 
Mexican fauna since the publication of the first part of the 
Biologia are described, and corrections of “the descriptions and 
identifications of known species, by the light of the more complete 
material since received,’ are made. At the time of his death 
Bates was engaged on an improved classification of that family 
Dr. D. Sharp, F.R.S., to whom the manuscript has been entrusted, 
reports that the value of this latest work of Bates’s lies not in 
* Descriptions of Fifty-two New Species of Phasmidz, from the Collection of Mr. 
W. Wilson Saunders, with Remarks on the Family.” Zrans. Linnean Soc., vol. xxv. 
+ Insecta: Coleoptera.—Vol. i. part 1, Geodephaga ; vol. ii, part 2, Pectinicornia and: 
Lamellicornia ; vol. v., Longicornia 
{ In 1881. 
