340 ANIMALS OF NEIGHBOURHOOD OF EGA. Cuap. XII. 
river, but in its stead a closely allied species presents itself, which 
appears to be the Midas rufoniger of Gervais, whose mouth is bordered 
with longish white hairs. The habits of these species are the same as 
those of the M. ursulus ; indeed it seems probable that it is a form or 
race of the same stock, modified to suit the altered local conditions 
under which it lives. One day, whilst walking along a forest pathway, 
I saw one of these lively little fellows miss his grasp as he was passing 
from one tree to another along with his troop. He fell head-foremost 
from a height of at least fifty feet, but managed cleverly to alight on its 
legs in the pathway ; quickly turning round, he gave me a good stare 
for a few moments, and then bounded off gaily to climb another tree. 
At Tunantins I shot a pair of a very handsome species of marmoset, the 
M. rufiventer, I believe, of zoologists. Its coat was very glossy and 
smooth, the back deep brown, and the underside of the body of rich black 
and reddish hues. A third species (found at Tabatinga, 200 miles further 
west) is of a deep black colour, with the exception of a patch of white 
hair around its mouth. The little animal at a short distance looks as 
though it held a ball of snow-white cotton in its teeth. The last I shall 
mention is the Hapale pygmeeus, one of the most diminutive forms of 
the monkey order. I obtained near St. Paulo, three full-grown specimens 
which measured only seven inches in length of body. The pretty 
Liliputian face is furnished with long brown whiskers, which are 
naturally brushed back over the ears. The general colour of the animal 
is brownish-tawny, but the tail is elegantly barred with black. I was 
surprised, on my return to England, to learn that the pigmy marmoset 
was found also in Mexico, no other Amazonian monkey being known to 
wander far from the great river plain. Thus the smallest and apparently 
the feeblest species of the whole order is one which has by some means 
become the most widely dispersed. 
The Jupurd.—A curious animal, known to naturalists as the Kinkajou, 
but called Jupura by the Indians of the Amazons, and considered by 
them as a kind of monkey, may be mentioned in this place. It is the 
Cercoleptes caudivolvus of zoologists, and has been considered by some 
authors as an intermediate form between the Lemur family of apes and 
the plantigrade Carnivora, or bear family. It has decidedly no close 
relationship to either of the groups of American monkeys, having six 
cutting teeth to each jaw, and long claws instead of nails with extremities 
of the usual shape of paws instead of hands. Its muzzle is conical and 
pointed, like that of many lemurs of Madagascar ; the expression of its 
countenance, and its habits and actions, are also very similar to those of 
lemurs. Its tail is very flexible towards the tip, and is used to twine 
round branches in climbing. I did not see or hear anything of this 
animal whilst residing on the Lower Amazons, but on the banks of the 
upper river, from the Teffé to Peru, it appeared to be rather common. 
It is nocturnal in its habits, like the owl-faced monkeys, although unlike 
them it has a bright, dark eye. I once saw it in considerable numbers 
when on an excursion with an Indian companion along the low Ygapo 
shores of the Teffé, about twenty miles above Ega. Weslept one night 
at the house of a native family living in the thick of the forest, where a 
festival was going on, and there being no room to hang our hammocks 
