370 EXCURSIONS BEYOND EGA. Cuap. XIII. 
concerning the Jutahi, which was not visited much by traders, but, as 
far as I could learn, its banks were peopled by nearly the same wild 
tribes as those of the next parallel stream, the Jurud, about which I 
gathered a good deal from my friend John da Cunha, who ascended it 
as far as it was navigable on a trading expedition. The Jurua flows 
wholly through a flat country covered with light-green forests, and its 
waters are tinged ochreous, by the quantity of clayey and earthy matter 
held in suspension, like those of the Solimoens. At the end of the 
navigation there is a road by land to the Puris, the two great streams 
being there only about thirty or forty miles distant from each other. The 
Jutah{f must be a much shorter river than the Jurud, for, as Senhor 
Cunha told me, the Conibos, an advanced tribe of agricultural Indians 
living on the banks of the Jurua near its source, have at that point 
a direct road by land to the Ucayali, which must pass to the south of 
the sources both of the Jutahi and the Jauari, the two rivers lying 
between the Jurud and Ucayali. Eight distinct tribes of Indians 
inhabit the banks of the Jurua, all of which, except the most remote 
(the Conibos) pass overland to the Jutahi.* Each tribe has its peculiar 
language, and to a great extent also its peculiar customs. I heard, 
however, of no new feature in Indian character or customs, except that 
the Conibos practise the art of knitting cotton cloth, which they fashion 
into long cloaks. The cloth, of which I saw many specimens, forms a 
regular, durable, and not inelegant web of tolerably close texture. The 
Conibos, like the Indians of Peru, do not grow the poisonous kind of 
mandioca, but simply the sweet kind, or Macasheira (Manihot Aypi). 
I estimate the length of the Jutahi at about 400 miles, and that of the 
Juruad at 600 miles. 
We remained at anchor four days within the mouth of the Sapd, a 
small tributary of the Jutahf, flowing from the south-east ; Senhor Raiol 
having to send an igarité to the Cupatana, a large tributary some few 
miles farther up the river, to fetch a cargo of salt fish. During this 
time we made several excursions in the montaria to various places in 
the neighbourhood. Our longest trip was to some Indian houses, a 
distance of fifteen or eighteen miles up the Sapo, a journey made with 
one Indian paddler, and occupying a whole day. The stream is not 
more than forty or fifty yards broad; its waters are darker in colour 
than those of the Jutahi, and flow, as in all these small rivers, partly under 
shade between two lofty walls of forest. We passed, in ascending, 
seven habitations, most of them hidden in the luxuriant foliage of the 
banks ; their sites being known only by small openings in the compact 
wall of forest, and the presence of a canoe or two tied up in little shady 
ports. The inhabitants are chiefly Indians of the Maraua tribe, whose 
original territory comprised all the small by-streams lying between the 
Jutahi and the Jurud, near the mouths of both these great tributaries. 
They live in separate families or small hordes ; have no common chief, 
and are considered as a tribe little disposed to adopt civilised customs 
* The order in which they are met with on ascending the river is as follows :— 
I. Marauas.—2. Catauishis.—3. Canamarés.—4. Aratas.—5. Collinas (rivers 
Shiruan and Invira, affluents of the right bank).—6. Catoquinos (R. Shiruan).— 
7. Naiias.—8. Conibos, with their hordes Mauishis, Zaminaiias, and true Conibos. 
7 
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