2 RHYNCHOCEPHALIA. 
Fam. 1. HATTERITDA. 
Hatteriidee, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, 
Hatteriidee, Gunther, Phil. Trans. clvii. 1867. 
Sphenodontidee, Cope, Proc. Amer, Assoc, xix. 1870, p. 235. 
KRhynchocephalide, Hoffmann, Bronn’s Klassen u. Ordn. d. Thierr. 
1883. 
Sphenodontidee, Hurley, Q. Journ. Geol. Soc. xliii. 1887, p. 692. 
Vertebree amphiccelous, the centra conically excavated; inter- 
centra present between the dorsal vertebra; ribs with uncinate 
processes. Clavicles and interclayicle present. Limbs ambulatory : 
digits with not more than five phalanges; humerus with an 
entepicondylar and an ectepicondylar foramen. Premaxillaries 
distinct, beak-like, toothed, separating the nasal openings; parictals 
distinet; a parietal foramen; vomers distinct, in contact with the 
pterygoids; a large columella (epipterygoid), Dentition acrodont. 
1. SPHENODON. 
Sphenodon, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 13 (1831), and Cat, Sh. Rept. 11. 
p. 80 (1872). 
Hatteria, Gray, Zool. Mise. p. 72 (1842), and Cat. Liz. p. 249 (1845) ; 
Giinth, Phil, Tr. clyii. p. 595 (1867). 
Rhynchocephalus, Owen, Tr. Geol. Soc, vii. p. 83 (1845). 
A single series of teeth on the outer border of the palatine, 
parallel with the maxillary, separated from the latter by a groove 
in which the edge of the mandible is received. One or two teeth 
occasionally present on the vomers. ody slightly compressed ; 
tail long, strongly compressed. Limbs well developed ; digits short, 
all clawed, webbed at the base. No ear-opening. Tye large, with 
vertical pupil. Scales of upper parts small, granular, intermixed 
with small tubercles; a nuchal, dorsal, and a low caudal crest; 
ventral scales large, squarish, arranged in transverse series *. 
New Zealand. 
1. Sphenodon punctatus ft. 
Sphenodon, Gray, ¢. c. : 
Hatteria punctata, Gray, Ul. cc., and Zool. Ereb. and Terr. pl. xx. 
(1845) ; Gamth. 1. c. pls, Xxvi.-xxviil. 
Rhynchocephalus, Owen, U. ¢. pl. vi. figs. 5-7. 
* The similarity of the integuments of Sphenodon and of a Chelonian (e. g. 
Chelydra) is very striking, especially if they be compared with those of an 
Agamoid Lacertilian. 
t On various points of anatomy, cf.: Peters, Mon. Berl. Ak. 1874, p. 40; 
Albrecht, Bull. Mus. Belg. ii. p. 185, pl. viii. (1888); Bayer, Sitzungsb. Ak. 
Wien, xe, p. 287, pl. — (1884); Dollo, Zool. Anz. 1884, p. 548; Fiirbringer, 
Morphol. Jahrb. xi. p. 484 (1885); Baur, Am. Nat. 1885, p. 1112, and 1886, 
pp. 738, 979, and Zool. Anz. 1886, p. 685, 
