84 TESTUDINID 
nor hooked, the edge not or but slightly denticulated ; alveolar 
surface of upper jaw very broad all round, with a very strong, 
tuberculate or coarsely serrated median ridge ; lower jaw very flat, 
with a sharp point in front, the edge serrated; the width of the 
mandible at the symphysis is much less than the horizontal diameter of 
the orbit. Digits very broadly webbed ; claws very long in the males. 
Tail short. Carapace olive or brown, variegated with yellowish 
dark-edged lines sometimes forming a reticulate pattern; plastron 
yellow, uniform or with a few dark spots or symmetrical markings. 
Head with orange or red streaks, the broadest of which runs from 
the upper border of the orbit to the neck ; chin and throat with a 
few orange streaks, the median bifurcating behind the mandibular 
symphysis. 
Length of shell 40 centim. 
South-eastern North America, from Missouri and North Carolina 
to the Gulf of Mexico. 
a. Yg., spir. Pilatka, Florida. Smithsonian Instit. 
b. @, stfid. Louisiana. W.. Py Smith jC). 
od. && yg., stfid. Louisiana. , 
é. Ves spin: N. America. (Type of Emys annulifera.) 
159, 5% ©, stitd. N. America. 
¢. 2, skel. N, America. 
11. Chrysemys rubriventris. 
Emys serrata (non Daud.), Say, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. p. 204 (1825); 
Gray, Syn. Rept. p. 29 (1851), and Cat. Tort. p. 21 (1844). 
Testudo rubriventris, Leconte, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. iii. p. 101 (1830). 
Terrapene rubriventris, Bonap. Osserv. s. sec. Ed. R. A. p. 154 
(1830). 
Emys irrigata, Dum. § Bibr. ii. p. 276 (1835). 
rubriventris, Dum. § Babr. t. ce. p. 281; Holbr. N. Am. Herp. 
ii. p. 56, pl. vi. (1842); Dekay, Faun. N. ¥., Rept. p. 16, pl. vii. 
fig. 14 (1842). 
rivulata, Gray, Cat. Tort. p. 22 (1844), and Cat. Sh. Rept. i. 
p- 27, pl. xi. (1855). 
—— rugosa, Leconte, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1854, p. 189. 
Pseudemys serrata, Gray, Sh. Rept. i. p. 84, and Suppl. p. 46 (1870). 
Ptychemys rugosa, Agass. Contr. N. H. U.S. i. p. 481, pls. xxvi. & 
xxvii. (1857). 
Clemmys rugosa, Strauch, Chelon. Stud. p. 33 (1862), 
rubriventris, Strauch, Verth. Schildkr. p. 86 (1865). 
Pseudemys rugosa, Cope, Check-List N. Am. Rept. p. 52 (1875). 
Very closely allied to the preceding, but carapace more elongate 
and somewhat constricted at the sides in the adult. Both jaws 
strongly and coarsely serrated, upper notched mesially, with a cusp 
on each side. Colour of carapace very variable, sometimes very 
similar to that of C. concinna, often reddish with a black network ; 
plastron yellow, with black blotches or symmetrical markings in the 
young, reddish or red in the adult. 
Length of shell 27 centim. 
