90 TESTUDINID 2. 
pendent, not hooked, forming an open notch mesially; alveolar 
surface of upper jaw narrowing towards the symphysis; the width 
of the mandible at the symphysis equals or a little exceeds the 
horizontal diameter of the orbit. Limbs stout, tubercular rather 
than scaly. The tail measures about two fifths the length of the 
carapace in the male, less in the female; a low dorsal crest of 
enlarged compressed scales on the postanal part of the tail. Cara- 
pace olive, with black concentric lines, or uniform blackish; plastron 
yellowish or reddish, blotched, speckled, or vermiculated with black, 
or with black concentric lines. Soft parts grey, spotted or vermi- 
culated with black. 
Length of shell 17 centim. 
Salt-marshes of Atlantic coast of North America, from New York 
to Texas. 
a. 3, spir. N. America. Smithsonian Institution. 
b,c. dQ, spir. N. America. 
d,e, f. Ad., stfid. N. America. Gen. Hardwicke [ P. ]. 
g. Ad., stffd. N. America. Lord Derby [P.]. 
h, i,k. Ad., skels, N. America. 
t. Yg., shell. N. America. (Type of vay. tuberculifera.) 
m,n, o. Ad. & her. shell. N. America. 
2. Malacoclemmys geographica. 
Testudo geographica, Lesweur, Journ. Ac. Philad. i. p. 86, pl. v. 
(1817); Leconte, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. iii. p. 108 (1830). 
Emys geographica, Say, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. p. 204 (1825) ; Holbr, 
N. Am. Herp. i. p. 99, pl. xiv. (1842); Dekay, Faun. N. Y., 
Rept. p. 18, pl. iv. fig. 7 (1842); Gray, Cat. Tort. p. 21 (1844), 
and Sh, Rept. 1. p. 28 (1855). 
Terrapene geographica, Bonap. Osserv. s. sec. Ed. d. R. A. p. 156 
(1830). 
Emys geographica, part., Dum. § Bibr. ii. p. 256 (1835). 
megacephala, Holbr. l. ec. p. 76; Gray, Cat. Tort. p. 21. 
labyrinthica, A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 13 (1851). 
Graptemys geographica, Agassiz, Contr. N. H. U.S. 1. p. 486, pl. ii. 
figs. 7-9 (1857); Gray, Suppl. Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 45 (1870). 
Clemmys geographica, Strauch, Chelon. Stud. p. 33 (1862), and 
Verth. Schildkr. p. 79 (1865). 
Malacoclemmys geographica, Cope, Check-List N. Am. Rept. p. 53 
(1875). 
Carapace tectiform, the keel obtuse and not tubercular, widening 
posteriorly, the hind margin but moderately serrated, the posterior 
marginals not or but very indistinctly notched; nuchal usually 
longer than broad; vertebrals 2 to 4 much broader than long, as 
broad as or a little narrower than costals; shields smooth or feebly 
striated. Plastron obtusely angulated laterally; the length of the 
hind lobe but little greater than the width of the bridge ; the longest 
median suture is that between the abdominal shields, which nearly 
equals that between humerals and pectorals ; axillary and inguinal 
large. Head large; snout short and obtusely pointed; alveolar 
