104 TESTUDINID A. 
a-b. Hgr. ¢, spir. 
ce. 9, shell. 
d. Yg., shell. 
Near Shiraz, Persia. 
Near Shiraz, Persia. 
W. T. Blanford, Esq. bot 
Basrah. 
W. T. Blanford, Esq. [C. 
Dr. Leith [P.]. (Type of 
Ei. gray.) 
e-g. 2 & yg.,spir. Basrah. Zoological Society. 
h, Yor, spir. Fao, Head of Persian W. D. Cuming, Esq. [P.]. 
Gulf. 
Euphrates Expedition. 
t. Yg., spir. 
Var. rivulata. 
Clemmys caspica, Michah. Isis, 1829, p. 1295; Wagl. Icon. Amph. 
pl. xxiv. (1830) ; Strauch, l. e. (part.). 
Emys caspica, Michah. Isis, 1830, p. 816; Bibr. § Bory, Expéd. Se. 
Morée, Zool. p. 57 (1833); Dum. & Bibr. ii. p. 255 (part.) (1835) ; 
Gray, Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 22 (part.) (1855); Schreib. Herp. Eur. 
p. 528 (1875); Lortet, Arch. Mus. Lyon, iv. p. 21, pl. viii. (1887). 
rivulata, Valenc. in Bory, op. cit. pl. 1x. fig. 2 (1880 ?). 
Terrapene caspica, Bonap. Saggio Distr. Metod. p. 28 (1832), and 
Icon, Faun, Ital. (1836). 
Emys tristrami, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 190, and Suppl. Cat. 
Sh. Rept. i. p. 86 (1870). 
caspica, var. arabica, Gray, Suppl. p. 36. 
pannonica, Gray, l. ¢. 
—— arabica, Gray, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (4) xi. p. 298 (1878). 
Clemmys caspica orientalis, Bedriaga, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. lvi. 
p. 335 (1882). 
Lateral dorsal keels are very distinct in the young, and traces of 
them may usually be seen in the adults. Dorsal shields elegantly 
marked, in the young, with flexuous yellowish lines; large oval 
dark brown spots alternating with the arrangement of the mar- 
ginals inferiorly ; plastron dark brown, with a small yellowish spot 
on the outer side of each shield; all these markings becoming 
indistinct or disappearing in the adult. Plastral bridge constantly 
dark brown. Head with a few very fine yellow lines, but no ocelli ; 
neck with yellow lines arranged as in the typical form ; soft parts 
olive, with yellow streaks, the dark ground-colour predominating. 
Length of shell 18 centim. 
Dalmatia, Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria. 
a, Yg., shell. §S. Europe. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.}. 
b. &, stfid. S. Europe. 
e. Yg., spir. Valley of the Meinder. R. McAndrew, Esq. } 
ea: | (Types of 
d. Yg.,spir. | Xanthus. Sir C. Fellows [P.]. > EZ. pan- 
e. Yg., spir. Asia Minor. A. Christie, Esq. | nonica.) 
[P.].. 
Dr. Guillemard [C.]. Lord 
Lilford [P. ]. 
S-g. Yg., spir. Cyprus. 
hk. 9, shell & Yarmuk River. 
skull. 
ik, Her. & 
yg., spir. 
LE iDe, i 2e 
stffd. 
Mt. Carmel. 
Syria, 
Canon Tristram [C. ]. 
(Type of LE. trestrami.) 
Canon Tristram [C. |. 
(Types of L, arabica.) 
