11. cLEMMyYs. 105 
2. Clemmys leprosa. 
Emys leprosa, Schweigg. Prodr, p. 29 (1814); Strauch, Erp. Alg. 
p. 18 (1862). 
? Kmys marmorea, Spz2, Test. Bras, p. 13, pl. x. (1824); Dum. § 
Bibr. ii, p. 248 (1835). 
Clemmys sigriz, Michah, Isis, 1829, p. 1295. 
Emys vulgaris, Gray, Syn. Rept. p. 24, pl. iv. (1831). 
Terrapene sigriz, Bonap. Saggio Distr. Metod. p. 29 (1832). 
Emys lutaria (non Z.), Bell, Mon. Test. pls. xxxi. & xxxii. (1835). 
sigriz, Dum. § Bibr, ii. p. 240 (1835); Eichw. Nouv. Mém. 
Soc. Nat. Mose, (2) ix. p. 415 (1854); Lortet, Arch. Mus. Lyon, 
iv. p. 19, pl. vii. (1887). 
caspica, part., Gray, Cat. Tort. p. 19 (1844), and Sh. Repét. 1. 
p. 22 (1855); Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 528 (1875). 
laticeps, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 154 (1853), and Cat. 
Sh. Rept. i. p. 23, pl. ix. 
fuliginosa, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p. 223, pl. xxx. 
Clemmys marmorea, Strauch, Chelon. Stud. p. 32 (1862). 
laticeps, Strauch, 1. e. 
leprosa, Strauch, l. c. p. 122, and Verth. Schildkr. p. 74 (1865). 
Mauremys laniaria, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1869, p. 499, pl. xxxvii. 
; fuliginosa, Gray, d. c. p. 500, and Suppl. Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 85 
(1870). 
Emys flavipes, Gray, ll. cc. p. 643, pl. 1., and p. 37; Sclater, Proc. 
Zool. Soc, 1872, p. 603. 
fraseri, Gray, ll. ce. p. 648, and p. 86, and Ann. § Mag. N. H. 
(4) xi. p. 146 (1873). 
laniaria, Gray, Suppl. Cat. Sh. Rept. p. 37. 
Eryma laticeps, Gray, l. c. p. 45. 
Emys caspia, var. leprosa, Boettg. Abh. Senck. Ges. ix. p. 126 (1874). 
ane caspica sigriz, Bedriaga, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. lvi. p. 840 
(1882). 
Very closely allied to C. caspica, but unquestionably a distinct 
species. Head larger, the difference conspicuous in halfgrown as 
well as adult specimens ; in old specimens the head becomes very 
massive, short and broad, with very strong jaws with broad alveolar 
surfaces, the width of the mandible at the symphysis nearly equalling 
the horizontal diameter of the orbit; edge of jaws never denti- 
culated. Lateral dorsal keels distinct in newly-born specimens only. 
Carapace dark olive in the young, with an oval orange spot or short 
longitudinal streak on each shield ; uniform pale olive in the adult. 
Plastron dark brown in the young, with a yellowish border, yel- 
lowish or pale olive in the adult. Head olive ; sides with orange 
or yellow streaks or vermiculations, and a round orange spot 
between the eye and the ear and a more or less defined ring of the 
same colour round the latter ; neck with orange or yellow streaks, 
three or four on each side ; limbs streaked olive and yellow or orange, 
either the one or the other colour predominating; these bright 
markings become very indistinct in old specimens. 
Length of shell 20 centim. 
South of Spain and Portugal, Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, Sene- 
gambia. 
