12. EMys. alte 
two thirds its length ; young with a distinct keel, which disappears 
more or less completely in the adult. Nuchal small, longer than 
broad; first vertebral broader in front than behind; vertebrals 
2 to 4 much broader than long. Plastron large, but not closing 
entirely the shell; width of bridge nearly one fourth the length 
of the plastron; the bridge formed to a lesser extent by the 
hyoplastron than by the hypoplastron, the peduncle of which is also 
more developed; hind lobe truncate or openly emarginate ; pectoral 
and abdominal shields subequal in size; the longest median suture 
is that between the anals, the shortest (usually) that between the 
humerals; axillary and inguinal shields absent or small. The 
smallest diameter of the interorbital space equals the vertical dia- 
meter of the orbit; upper jaw not hooked, broadly emarginate in 
the middle; the length of the mandible equals about four times its 
diameter at the symphysis. Limbs scaly, extensively webbed. Tail 
with more or less distinctly verticillate scales, about as long as the 
shell in the young, two thirds that length in the adult males, half 
or a little less in the females. Carapace dark brown or black, with 
more or less numerous light (usually yellow) dots or radiating lines ; 
plastron yellow, brown and yellow, or nearly entirely blackish brown 
in the adult; shell of young dark brown above, black inferiorly, with 
a large yellow spot on each marginal and on the outer side of each 
plastral shield. Head dark brown or black, with lighter dots, which 
are yellow in the female and pale brown in the male ; lower surface 
of head and neck yellow, spotted with blackish. Limbs and tail 
blackish, more or less abundantly spotted with yellow. 
Specimen / is remarkable for the predominance of the yellow 
colour, the carapace being yellow, each shield with fine black 
radiating lines *. 
Length of shell 19 centim. 
South Europe, East Central Europe, South-western Asia, Algeria. 
Has been found in Pleistocene deposits in Sweden, Denmark, 
Norfolk, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and Lombardy. 
a. Numerous skeletons, Poland. Sir R. Owen [P.]. 
shells, and dry pre- 
parations, made by 
Bojanus, and figured 
in his anatomical 
work. 
6. 9, skel. Berlin. Dr. A. Giinther [C.]. 
ChaNion Spits Albania. W. W. Saunders, Esq. [ P.]. 
d-e. Yg., spit. Venice. Lord A. Russell [P. ]. 
f. Many specs., 5,2, Chirignago, near M. de Betta [P.]. 
her., and yg., spir. Mestre, Proy. Ve- 
rona. 
g- Q, spir. Talais, Gironde. M. F. Lataste [P. ]. 
h. 2, spir. Laguna Almenara, Lord Lilford [P. ]. 
Castellon. 
* In a young specimen from Mahon, Baleares, in M. Lataste’s collection, the 
yellow likewise predominates on the carapace. 
