20. TESTUDO. 159 
the thighs. Adult dark brown or blackish; carapace of young yel- 
lowish brown, with dark-brown markings. 
Length of shell 46 centim. 
Burma, Siam, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra. 
a. 9, stffd. Pinang. Dr. Cantor. 
b. ¢, shell. Pinang. Dr. Cantor. 
ec. 6, shell. Pinang. (Type of Manouria fusca.) 
d. Hegr., shell. Siam. (Type of Geoemyda impressa.) 
e. 9, stffd. le 
f. Ad., carapace. —? 
6. Testudo argentina. 
Testudo sulcata, part., Dam. § Bibr. i. p. 74 (1835). 
suleata (non Gim.), D'Or bigny, Voy. Amér. Mérid., Rept. p. 6 
(1847); Burm. Reise La Plata, ii. p. 521 (1861). 
(Gopher) chilensis, Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) vi. pp. 190 
& 428 (1870) )p and Proe. ae Soc. 1870, p. 706, pl. xl., and App. 
Cat. Sh. Rept. p. 2 (1872 
argentina, Cian. § Mag. N. H. (4) vi. p. 471 (1870), 
and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 480. 
Shell considerably depressed, its depth not half its length ; ante- 
rior and posterior margins reverted and serrated ; lateral marginals 
strongly keeled and forming an angle; nuchal shield absent; supra- 
caudal shield undivided; shields strongly grooved concentrically ; 
vertebrals much broader than long and at least as broad as costals. 
Plastron large, gular region somewhat produced and bifid, hind lobe 
deeply notched “posteriorly ; the pectoral shields, which are very 
narrow in the middle, widen eradually towards the sides; suture 
between the gulars about half as long as that between the humerals, 
and longer than that between the pectorals; axillary shield very 
small, inguinal larger. Head moderate; two large prefrontal 
shields and a large frontal; snout short, beak hooked, tricuspid ; 
edge of jaws strongly dentate: alveolar surface of upper jaw with a 
strong tuberculate median ridge. Fore limb anteriorly with large, 
bony, obtusely pointed, imbricate tubercles of unequal size; hind 
limb with large bony tubercles on the plantar surface, and larger, 
conical, spur-like ones on the heel; a group of enlarged subconical 
tubercles on each side on the back of the thighs. Uniform brownish 
or horn-colour, the suture between the shields darker. 
Length of shell 22 centim. 
Argentine Republic, Uruguay, Northern Patagonia. 
a, b. Her., stffd. Mendoza. (Types.) 
7. Testudo calcarata. 
Testudo calearata, Schneid. Samml. verm. Abhandl. p. 317, pl. — 
(1784). 
suleata, Gmel. S. N. p. 1045 (1789) ; Shaw, wn Miller, Cimel. 
Physic. p. 58, pl. xxvi. (1796) ; Daud. Rept. 11. p. 313 (1802) ; 
Gray, Syn. Rept. p. 68 (1831), and Cat. Tort. p. 7 (1844), and Sh. 
