1, TRIONYX. 259 
13. Trionyx ferox. 
Pennant §& Garden, Phil, Tr. \xi. p. 266, pl. x. figs. 1-3 (1771). 
Testudo ferox, Schneid. Schildkr. p. 330 (1783) ; Schoepff, Test. p. 88, 
pl. xix. (1792); Daud. Rept. ii. p. 69 (1802). 
verrucosa, Schoepff, l. c. p. 90. 
? Testudo bartrami, Daud. 1. ¢. p. 74. 
Trionyx carinatus, Geoffr. Ann. Mus. xiv. p. 14, pl. iv. (1809). 
georgicus, Geoff. l. c. p. 17, 
ferox, Schweigg. Prodi. p. 15 (1814). 
brongnartii, Schweigg. l. c. p. 18. 
ferox, part., Leconte, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. iit. p. 93 (1830); 
Holbr. N. Am. Herp. ii. p. 11 (1842); Gray, Cue. Tort. p. 49 
(1844), and Sh. Rept. i. p. 68 (1855); Strauch, Chelon. Stud. 
p. 173 (1862), and Verth. Schildkr. p. 122 (1865). 
? Trionyx bartrami, Leconte, J. ce. p. 96. 
Gymnopus s spiniterns, part., Dum. § Bibr. ii. p. 477 (1835). 
Platypeltis ferox, Agassiz, Contr. N. H. U. S. i. p. 401, pl. vi. fig. 3 
(1857) ; Gray, Suppl. Cat. Sh. Rept. i. p. 107 (1870). 
oe spiniferus, Wied, N,. Act. Ac. Leop.-Carol, xxxii. i. p. 48 
865) 
Platypeltis ferox, part., Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 58. 
Costal plates normally seven pairs; a single neural between the 
first pair of costals; plates rather coarsely pitted and vermiculate. 
Dorsal disk of young smooth, or with small scattered tubercles, 
without well-marked longitudinal ridges ; a series of conical tubercles 
on the nuchal border. LEpiplastra widely separated from each other, 
short; entoplastron forming a right angle; plastral callosities well 
developed, hyo-hypoplastral and xiphiplastral. Head moderate; snout 
(on the skull) a little longer than the diameter of the orbit; inter- 
orbital space hardly half the diameter of the orbit; postorbital arch 
narrow ; mandibular symphysis shorter than the diameter of the 
orbit. Olive above, with scattered small round black spots or dots ; 
young with a pale black-edged border to the dorsal disk; a light, 
black-edged streak on each side of the head, passing through the 
eye, uniting with its fellow on the snout, just in front of the orbits ; 
limbs spotted and marbled with black. 
Length of dorsal disk 42 centim. 
S.E. United States, from Georgia to Western Louisiana. 
a, Ad., stffd. Georgia. Royal coy Fe | (Type.) 
b. Her., stftd. Louisiana. W. P. Smith 
ce, d. Ad., stffd., skull N. America. W. P. Smith et 
separ., and yg., stffd. 
e. Yg., spir. N. America, 
14, Trionyx spinifer. 
sees spiniferus, Lesueur, Mém. Mus. Paris, xv, p. 258, pl. vi. 
(1827). 
—— ferox, part., Leconte, Ann. Lyc, N. Y. iii. p. 93 1830); Holbr. 
N. Am. Herp. ii. p. 11, pl. 1. (1842); Gray, Cat. Tort. p. 49 
(1844), and Sh. Rept. 1. . 68 (1855) ; Strauch, Chelon. Stud. 
p. 178 (1862), and Verth, Schildkr, p. 123 (1865). 
ay 
