1. GAVIALIS. Ts 
1. GAVIALIS. 
Gavials ou Longirostres, Cuvier, Ann. Mus. x. p. 27 (1807). 
Gavialis, Oppel, Ordn. Rept. p. 19 (1811); Dum. § Bibr. iii. p. 182 
(1836) ; Gray, Cat. Tort. Sc. p. 57 (1844); Hualey, Journ. Linn. 
Soc. iv. p. 20 (1860) ; Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 63 (1864); Gray, 
Cat. Sh, Rept. ii. p. 5 (1872). 
Rhamphostoma, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 141 (1830). 
Gavialis, part., Strauch, Syn. Crocod. p. 62 (1866). 
Gharialis, Theob. Cat. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 57 (1876). 
27 to 29 upper and 25 or 26 lower teeth on each side, anterior 
largest, laterals subequal, not received into interdental pits ; the first, 
second, and third mandibular fitting into notches in the upper jaw. 
Snout extremely narrow and elongate, dilated at the end; nasal 
bones comparatively short, widely separated from the pramaxil- 
laries; nasal opening smaller than the supratemporal fossa ; 
lower anterior margin of orbit (jugal) raised; a very small 
anterior bony plate in the upper eyelid. Mandibular symphysis 
extremely long, extending to the 23rd or 24th tooth, comprising 
the splenial bones. A dorsal shield formed of four longitudinal 
series of juxtaposed, keeled, bony scutes; no bony ventral scutes. 
India and Burma. 
1. Gavialis gangeticus. 
Edwards, Phil. Trans. xlix. p. 639, pl. xix. (1757). 
Lacerta gangetica, Gimel. S. N. i. p. 1057 (1789). 
Crocodilus longirostris, Schnetd. Hist. Amph. ii. p. 160 (1801) ; 
Daud, Rept. ii. p. 389 (1802); Cur. Ann. Mus. x. p. 60, pl. i. 
figs. 2 & 10 (1807) ; Blainv. Ostéogr. Rept. (1864). 
arctirostris, Daud. 1. ¢. p. 393. 
—— tenuirostris, Cuv. l. c. p, 61, pl. 1. figs. 1 & 11; Tiedem., Oppel, 
& Liboschitz, Nat. Amph. p. 83, pl. xv. (1817). 
—— gangeticus, Tvedem., Opp., § Lib. 1. c. p. 81, pl. xiv. 
Gavialis tenuirostris, Guérin, Icon, R. A., Rept. pl. ii. fig. 3 (1829). 
Rhamphostoma tenuirostre, Wagl. Syst. Amph. ak vil. fig. iii. (1830). 
Gavialis gangeticus, Gray, Syn. Rept. p. 56 (1831); Dum. § Bibr. 
iii. p. 134, pl. xxvi. fig. 4 (1836); Gray, Cat. Tort. Se. p. 57 
(1844); Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 63 (1864); Strauch, Syn. 
Crocod. p. 63 (1866); Gray, Cat, Sh. Rept. ii. p. 5 (1872); Mur- 
ray, Zool, Sind. p. 345 (1884). 
Gharialis gangeticus, Theob. Cat. Rept, Brit. Ind. p. 37 (1876). 
Snout thrice and one third (adult) to five and a half times 
(young) as long as broad at the base. Nuchal and dorsal scutes 
forming a single continuous shield, composed of 21 or 22 transverse 
series ; an outer row of soft, smooth or feebly keeled scutes in addi- 
tion to the bony dorsal scutes; two small postoccipital scutes. 
Median fingers one-third, outer toes two-thirds webbed. A strong 
crest on the outer edge of the forearm, leg, and foot. Scales on 
limbs smooth or feebly keeled. Adult dark olive above; young 
pale olive, with dark brown spots or cross bands. 
The largest specimen in the Collection measures 5 metres. 
Northern India (Systems of the Ganges and Indus, Mahanuddy 
River); Bombay; Aracan (Kuladan River). 
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